Dr. Sarah E. Moore
University of North Texas
Social Work
(940) 369-5018
Email:

Education

PhD, The Catholic University of America, 2015.
Major: Social Work
Degree Specialization: Theory & Res in Pol/Admin in SW
Dissertation Title: The Impact of Social Networks on the Immigration Experience of Ethiopian Women
MSW, Washington University in St. Louis, 2001.
Major: Social Work
Degree Specialization: Social and Economic Development
BS, Brigham Young University, 1999.
Major: Social Work

Licensures and Certifications

Certificate of Excellence in Teaching Online, UNT DSI CLEAR. (December 2023 – Present).

Licensed Master of Social Work (LMSW), Texas Behavioral Health Executive Council. (May 2022 – Present).

Professional Memberships

Influencing Social Policy. (January 2019 – Present).

National Association of Social Workers. (January 2019 – Present).

Council on Social Work Education. (September 2016 – Present).

Vice President, President, Global Awareness Society International. (May 2010 – Present).

Development Activities Attended

Conference Attendance,"Global Awareness Society International 30th Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America. (May 20232023).

Conference Attendance,"Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. (October 2023October 2023).

Conference Attendance,"National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter Annual Meeting of the Profession," National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter, Galveston, Texas, United States of America. (October 2023October 2023).

Conference Attendance,"Society for Social Work and Research Conference," Society for Social Work and Research, Phoenix, AZ, United States of America. (January 12, 2023January 15, 2023).

Conference Attendance,"Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Anaheim, CA, United States of America. (November 10, 2022November 14, 2022).

Seminar,"Come se dice, "Gaslighting" and Otras Palabras I've Googled," Genesis Women's Shelter & Support, Dallas, Texas, United States of America. (September 22, 2022September 22, 2022).

Conference Attendance,"Global Awareness Society International Conference: Exploring Global Awareness and Sustainable Development to Build a Better World," Global Awareness Society International, Salamanca, Spain. (May 26, 2022May 28, 2022).

Workshop,"Supporting and Empowering International Students," University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America. (November 10, 2021November 10, 2021).

Conference Attendance,"Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Orlando, Florida, United States of America. (November 4, 2021November 7, 2021).

Conference Attendance,"2021 Battering Intervention and Prevention Virtual Conference: Accountability Through Advocacy: A Community Approach to Effective Batterer Intervention," Denton County Friends of the Family and UNT Title IV Grant, Denton, Texas, United States of America. (October 28, 2021October 28, 2021).

Seminar,"Working with Inclusive Pedagogy and Cultural Responsiveness," University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America. (October 18, 2021October 18, 2021).

Conference Attendance,"Global Awareness Society International Symposium," Global Awareness Society International, Virtual, United States of America. (May 28, 2021May 28, 2021).

Workshop,"Advocacy 101 Training," NASW-TX, Texas, United States of America. (December 2, 2020December 2, 2020).

Seminar,"The Art of Policy Practice," Influencing Social Policy and National Association of Social Workers, United States of America. (July 29, 2020July 29, 2020).

Seminar,"Virtual Congressional Briefing: Black Lives Matter: Social Work and the Future of Policing," National Association of Social Workers, Center for Social Development at the Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis, and Congressional Research Institute for Social Work and Policy, United States of America. (June 30, 2020June 30, 2020).

Seminar,"Race, Racism and Policy in the Trump Era," Influencing Social Policy, United States of America. (February 27, 2020).

Workshop,"AtKisson Grantsmanship Training," UNT Office of Research and Innovation, Denton, TX, United States of America. (December 9, 2019).

Conference Attendance,"Social-Emotional Learning and Trauma-Informed School Conference," UNT Department of Social Work, Denton, Texas, United States of America. (October 31, 2019October 31, 2019).

Conference Attendance,"Council on Social Work Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Denver, CO, United States of America. (October 24, 2019October 27, 2019).

Conference Attendance,"Global Awareness Society International 28th Annual Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Marrakech, Morocco. (May 24, 2019May 26, 2019).

Seminar,"Writing an Academic Book Proposal," Academic Coaching and Writing, United States of America. (May 2, 2019).

Other,"Faculty First Flight," University of North Texas Center for Learning Experimentation, Application, and Research, United States of America. (August 2018April 2019).

Conference Attendance,"64th Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Orlando, Florida, United States of America. (2018).

Conference Attendance,"27th Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. (May 2018).

Conference Attendance,"26th Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Heredia, Costa Rica. (May 2017).

Seminar,"Social Work with Immigrant Survivors of Torture and Abuse: HealthRight International's Human Rights Clinic," New York University Silverman School of Social Work, United States of America. (2016).

Conference Attendance,"62nd Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. (November 2016).

Conference Attendance,"Faculty Development Institute: Creative, Hands-On Approaches to Teaching Social Policy," Council on Social Work Education, United States of America. (November 2016November 2016).

Conference Attendance,"25th Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Budapest, Hungary. (May 2016).

Workshop,"Online Teaching Strategies," Wiley Education Services, United States of America. (January 2016April 2016).

Seminar,"Social and Behavioral Science Research Grants: The Federal View," The Center for Health and Mental Health Well Being of the National Catholic School of Social Service, United States of America. (2015).

Conference Attendance,"61st Annual Program Meeting," Council on Social Work Education, Colorado, United States of America. (November 2015).

Conference Attendance,"24th Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America. (May 2015).

Conference Attendance,"22nd Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, Rome, Italy. (May 2013).

Conference Attendance,"21st Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, New York City, NY, United States of America. (May 2012).

Conference Attendance,"16th Annual Conference “Research that Makes a Difference: Advancing Practice and Shaping Public Policy”," Society for Social Work and Research Research, Washington, DC, United States of America. (January 2012).

Conference Attendance,"20th Annual International Conference," Global Awareness Society International, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America. (May 2011).

Teaching

Teaching Experience

University of North Texas
SOWK 1450, Introduction to Social Work, 1 course.
SOWK 3525, Violence in Families, 3 courses.
SOWK 4325, The Intersection of Trauma and Substance Use, 1 course.
SOWK 4725, Theory and Practice in Mental Health, 1 course.
SOWK 5103, Human Behavior in the Social Environment I, 2 courses.
SOWK 5113, Human Behavior in the Social Environment II, 4 courses.
SOWK 5243, Social Work Human Diversity and Multicultural Practice, 16 courses.
SOWK 5303, Social Work History and Social Welfare Policy, 4 courses.
SOWK 5333, Social Work Advanced Policy Analysis, 16 courses.
SOWK 5413, Social Work Program and Practice Evaluation, 4 courses.

Teaching at Other Institutions

The Catholic University of America, Advanced Social Policy Analysis, SSS 831, Spring 2018.

The Catholic University of America, Generalist Social Work Practice with Groups, Organizations and Communities, SSS 606, Spring 2018.

The Catholic University of America, Social Welfare Policy and Services II, SSS 582, Spring 2018.

The Catholic University of America, Evaluation of Social Work Programs, SSS 757, Fall 2017.

The Catholic University of America, Issues in International Social Development, SSS 886, Fall 2017.

The Catholic University of America, Qualitative Research Methods, SSS 955, Fall 2017.

The Catholic University of America, Reading and Research in Social Work; PhD Independent Study, SSS 993, Fall 2017.

The Catholic University of America, Advanced Social Policy Analysis, SSS 831, Spring 2017.

The Catholic University of America, Issues in International Social Development, SSS 886, Spring 2017.

The Catholic University of America, Evaluation of Social Work Programs, SSS 757, Fall 2016.

The Catholic University of America, Qualitative Research Methods, SSS 955, Fall 2016.

The Catholic University of America, Advanced Social Policy Analysis, SSS 831, Spring 2016.

The Catholic University of America, Issues in International Social Development, SSS 886, Spring 2016.

The Catholic University of America, Social Welfare Policy and Services II (Online), SSS 582, Spring 2016.

The Catholic University of America, Diversity in a Multicultural Society, SSS 570, Fall 2015.

The Catholic University of America, Diversity in a Multicultural Society (Online), SSS 570, Fall 2015.

The Catholic University of America, Evaluation of Social Work Programs, SSS 757, Fall 2015.

The Catholic University of America, Social Welfare Policy and Services II, SSS 582, Fall 2015.

George Mason University, Direct Social Work Practice (MSW Program), Spring 2010.

Radford University, Introduction to Social Work; BSW Program, Fall 2008.

Brigham Young University, Social Welfare and Services, 2005.

Utah Valley University, Introduction to Social Work; BSW Program, Spring 2005.

Utah Valley University, Introduction to Social Work; BSW Program, Spring 2004.

Non-Credit Instruction

Guest Lecture, Trinity University, Washington DC. (June 2017).

Other, The Catholic University of America: National Catholic School of Social Service. (August 2016).

Directed Student Learning

Dissertation Committee Member,"Disparities in hospice care services use: Views from different groups of stakeholders on how to improve usage," Rehabilitation and Health Services. (April 2023 – Present).

Dissertation Committee Member,"The Process of Change in the Lives of American Catholic Models of Ecological Conversion," Social Work. (20172018).

Dissertation Committee Member,"Understanding the lived experience of caregivers whose spouses have frontotemporal dementia," Social Work. (2017May 2018).

Other,"Understanding the Experience of Infertility Following Cancer Treatment Among Female Cancer Survivors," Social Work. (February 2018).

Other,"Income Inequality and Citizens' Freedom as Factors Related to Intercountry Adoption," Social Work. (March 2017).

Other,"The Life Course of Homeless Female Veterans: A Qualitative Study," Social Work. (March 2017).

Awards and Honors

Nominated for: Outstanding Online Teacher and Course Award, DSI-CLEAR. (2022 – Present).

Research

Published Intellectual Contributions

Book Chapter
Nyiransekuye, H., Moore, S., Mukherjee, D., Wagner, B., Murakami, N. J. (2023). Practicing Internationally: Centering the Voice of the Refugee. Integrative Social Work Practice with Refugees, Asylum Seekers, and Forcibly Displaced Persons.
Editorial: Introduction to Special Issue
Rice, K., Fisher, C., Moore, S. E. (2022). Social work and the Sustainable Development Goals: an introduction to the special issue. Social Work Education: The International Journal. 41(7), .
Journal Article
Fisher, C. M., Hitchcock, L., Moak, S. C., Neyer, A. D., Moore, S., Marsalis, S. (2023). Does Faculty-Led Short-Term Study Abroad Improve Students’ Global Competence? Findings from a Systematic Review and Evidence Gap Map. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad. 35(1), 417-452.
Moore, S., Farber, M., Donaldson, L. P. (2022). A Snapshot of HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Behaviors, and Attitudes of Ethiopian Immigrants in the District of Columbia. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work.
Donaldson, L. P., McIntyre, B. L., Moore, S. (2022). Understanding Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness Through a Qualitative Approach. Families in Society. Sage.
Moore, S., Donaldson, L. P. (2022). Incorporating Community Based Participatory Action Research in social work graduate education. Journal of Teaching in Social Work. 42(4), 409-422.
Fisher, C. M., Hitchcock, L. I., Neyer, A., Moak, S. C., Moore, S. E., Marsalis, S. E. (2022). Contextualizing the impact of faculty-led short-term study abroad on students’ global competence: Characteristics of effective programs. Journal of Global Awareness. 3(1), . New York, NY: St. John's University. https://scholar.stjohns.edu/jga/
Moore, A., Laurent-Simpson, A., Oliphant, S. (2021). The Experiences of Foreign-Born Female Academics (FBFA): A Photo-Elicitation Analysis. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work. Routledge.
Moore, A. R., Owusu, A. Y., Moore, S., Knight, R. P. (2021). Caring for a loved one with stroke in Lomé, Togo: An intersectional framework. Ageing International. Springer.
Oliphant, S. (2020). "This is the place I need to stay": Church communities in the lives of Ethiopian immigrant women in Washington, DC. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought. Taylor & Francis Online.
Oliphant, S., Donaldson, L. P. (2019). A Community-Based Participatory Approach to Understanding HIV/AIDS in the Ethiopian Community. Social Work in Public Health. 34(7), 557-569. Taylor & Francis.
Moore, S. E., Bennett, S. (2019). Using reflexivity journaling to lessen the emic–etic divide in a qualitative study of Ethiopian immigrant women. Qualitative Social Work. Sage Journals. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1473325019836723
Moore, S. E., Ritchie, D., Origanti, F. (2019). Teaching social work in a global context: Models of international social work learning experiences. Journal of Teaching in Social Work. 39(1), 23-41. Taylor and Francis Online. https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/wtsw20/current
Zajicek-Farber, M. L., Hodges-Wu, J., Moore, S. E. (2018). The Interrater Reliability of the Survivors of Torture Psychosocial Wellbeing Index: An Assessment Matrix Instrument. Journal of Social Service Research. 45(2), 294-308. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01488376.2018.1480555
Moore, S. E. (2017). Voices of Ethiopian Women. International Social Work. Sage. https://journals.sagepub.com/home/isw
Moore, S. E. (2017). Solar cookers as a global poverty alleviation strategy. Journal of Global Awareness.
Moore, S. E. (2016). International faith based organizations: An organizational analysis of Latter-Day Saint Charities. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought. Taylor and Francis.
Other
Moore, S. E., Donaldson, L. P., Farber, M. (2018). Understanding Knowledge, Behavior, and Attitudes Related to HIV/AIDS Among Ethiopian Immigrants in the Washington, DC Area.

Presentations Given

Invited Talk

Oliphant, S. M. (Author & Presenter), International Social Work in the House that COVID-19 Built, Does Unequal Technology Lead to Unequal International Social Work Practice?, Manulife Centre for Community Health Research and Moroccan Association of Social Workers, Virtual Conference (COVID-19) in French, Arabic, & English, Canada. (20202020).

Lecture

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), National Association of Social Work DC Chapter Meeting, Solar Cookers as a Poverty Alleviation Strategy in the Developing World, Washington, DC, United States of America. (2012).

Oral Presentation

Sanchez, J. (Author & Presenter), Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter Annual Meeting of the Profession, Ethical Leadership for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Initiatives, NASW-TX, Galveston, TX, United States of America. (20232023).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, Lessons From the Nordic Model: Norway's Sustainable Development Goal Achievements, Global Awareness Society International, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America. (20232023).

Fisher, C. (Author & Presenter), Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Hitchcock, L. (Author), Moak, S. (Author), Neyer, A. (Author), Marsalis, S. (Author), 27th Annual Society for Social Work and Research Conference, Global Competence Outcomes of Short-Term Study Abroad: Findings from a Systematic Review and Evidence Gap Map, Society for Social Work and Research (SSWR), Phoenix, AZ, United States of America. (2023).

Fisher, C. (Author & Presenter), Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Rice, K. (Author & Presenter), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, Study Abroad as a Tool for Teaching about the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal, Council on Social Work Education, Anaheim, CA, United States of America. (20222022).

Moore, S. (Author & Presenter), Fisher, C. M. (Author), Hitchcock, L. (Author), Moak, S. C. (Author), Neyer, A. D. (Author), Marsalis, S. (Author), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, Does Short-Term Study Abroad Build Global Competence? Findings from a Systematic Review, Council on Social Work Education, Orlando, Florida, United States of America. (20212021).

Moore, A. (Author), Laurent-Simpson, A. (Author), Oliphant, S. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International Symposium, The Experiences of Foreign-Born Female Academics in the United States: A Photo- Analysis Elicitation, Global Awareness Society International, Virtual, United States of America. (20212021).

Oliphant, S. M. (Author & Presenter), Annual Program Meeting, Social Work Professional and Cultural Exchanges in Morocco: A Case Study, Council on Social Work Education, Denver, CO, United States of America. (20202020).

Moore, A. R. (Author), Oliphant, S. M. (Author & Presenter), 29th Annual International Conference, The Experiences of Foreign-Born Female Academics in the United States: A Photo-Elicitation Analysis, Global Awareness Society International, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America. (20202020).

Nyiransekuye, H. (Author & Presenter), Moore, S. E. (Author), Mukherjee, D. (Author & Presenter), National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter Annual Meeting of the Profession, Refugee Mental Health Services, National Association of Social Workers, Galveston, TX, United States of America. (2019).

Oliphant, S. (Author & Presenter), Donaldson, L. P. (Author), Zajicek-Farber, M. (Author), Global Awareness Society International 28th Annual Conference, Understanding HIV/AIDS among Ethiopian Immigrants in Washington, DC, Global Awareness Society International, Marrakech, Morocco, Morocco. (2019).

Zajicek-Farber, M. (Author & Presenter), Hodges-WU, J. (Author), Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, Addressing structure and reliability of a brief assessment instrument for survivors of torture, Council on Social Work Education, Orlando, FL, United States of America. (2018).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Donaldson, L. P. (Author), Ksenia, D. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International 27th Annual Conference, Student Experiences in data collection: Understanding HIV/AIDS among Ethiopian immigrants in Washington, DC., Global Awareness Society International, United States of America. (2018).

Moore, S. E. (Author), Zajicek-Farber, M. (Author & Presenter), Hodges-WU, J. (Author), Society for Social Work Research, Developing a reliable assessment tool for refugee survivors of torture, Society for Social Work Research, Washington, DC, United States of America. (2018).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, Home Grown Social Workers: Building Capacity through University and Faith-Based Partnerships, Costa Rica. (2017).

Zajicek-Farber, M. (Author & Presenter), Hodges-WU, J. (Author), Moore, S. E. (Author), National Consortium of Torture Treatment Programs (NCTTP), 9th Annual Research Symposium Conference, Analyzing the inter-observer reliability of the Survivor of Torture Psychosocial Well-being Index (SOT-PWI), United States of America. (2017).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, Ethiopian immigrants to Washington, DC: Women’s Voices., United States of America. (2016).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, International volunteer service: A case study of social work international placements., Budapest, Hungary, Hungary. (2016).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, The impact of social networks on the immigration experience of Ethiopian women, United States of America. (2015).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, Faith based organizations: A qualitative study of Latter-Day Saint charities., Italy. (2013).

Panel Presentation

Ritchie, D. (Panelist), Moore, S. E. (Panelist), Origanti, F. (Panelist), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, International social work: Models of international experiences, United States of America. (2016).

Paper

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, Solar cookers as a poverty alleviation strategy, United States of America. (2012).

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Global Awareness Society International, Human trafficking in the Dominican Republic and Haiti: A social development, Puerto Rico, United States of America. (2011).

Poster

Moore, S. E. (Author & Presenter), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, Social Work Professional and Cultural Exchanges in Morocco: A Cultural Humility Approach, CSWE, Atlanta, GA, United States of America. (20232023).

Oliphant, S. (Author & Presenter), Donaldson, L. P. (Author & Presenter), Zajicek-Farber, M. (Author & Presenter), Council on Social Work Education Annual Program Meeting, Knowledge and Attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among Ethiopian Immigrants in Washington, DC area., Council on Social Work Education, Denver, CO, United States of America. (20192019).

Contracts, Grants and Sponsored Research

Grant - Research
Moore, S. E., "Fulbright-Hays Follow-Up Special Project," Sponsored by US Department of Education and US Department of State, Federal, $5000 Funded. (June 2024 – Present).
Moore, S. E., "Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad," Sponsored by US Department of Education, Federal, $17000 Funded. (June 2022July 2022).

Awards and Honors

2022 Best Qualitative Article, Families in Society Journal. (January 8, 2023).

Service

University Service

Chairperson, Faculty Search Committee. (August 2023 – Present).

Chairperson, Social Work Department Reappointment, Promotion and Tenure Committee. (August 2023 – Present).

Chairperson, Social Work Personnel Affairs Committee (PAC). (August 2023 – Present).

Faculty Mentor, Faculty Mentor. (February 2023 – Present).

Committee Member, Institutional Effectiveness Academic Committee. (November 2022 – Present).

Committee Member, Fulbright Campus Committee. (September 2022 – Present).

Committee Member, HPS Awards and Scholarship Committee. (March 2021 – Present).

Committee Member, Research and Scholarship Advisory Committee (RSAC). (January 2020 – Present).

Committee Member, Promotion & Tenure. (November 2018 – Present).

Member, Diversity Committee. (September 2018 – Present).

Committee Member, JMSW Committee. (September 20182024).

Chairperson, Faculty Search Committee. (October 2022December 2022).

Committee Chair, Ad Hoc Grade Appeal Committee. (June 2022June 2022).

Student Org Advisor (Non-Professional Org), Student Association for Masters Social Workers. (2019August 2021).

Committee Member, Faculty Search Committee. (January 2021February 2021).

Chairperson, MSW Combined Concentration. (20162018).

Committee Member, PhD Program Committee. (20162018).

Committee Member, MSW Program Committee. (20152018).

Committee Member, Social Change Concentration Committee. (20152018).

Workshop Organizer, In the Wake of Scandal: What Agencies Like Catholic Relief Services are Doing to Protect Children and Vulnerable Adults from Exploitation and Abuse--And Where We Still Have Work to Do. (October 5, 2018).

Workshop Organizer, International Social Work Night. (September 27, 2016).

Workshop Organizer, The Refuge and Migrant Crisis in Europe. (November 18, 2015).

Professional Service

Other, Council on Social Work Education's Commission on Global Social Work Education. (July 2023 – Present).

Board of Directors, Global Awareness Society International. (December 2, 2020 – Present).

Reviewer, Conference Paper, Social Work Distance Education. (2019 – Present).

Editor, Guest Editor, Social Work Education: The International Journal. (May 2021September 2022).

Other, John Paul II Technical Institute, Houston, TX. (20172021).

Chairperson, Global Awareness Society International. (May 2018May 2020).

Officer, President/Elect/Past, Global Awareness Society International. (May 2018May 2020).

Reviewer, Journal Article, Social Work in Mental Health. (January 2020).

Reviewer, Journal Article, Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work. (2019).

Reviewer, Journal Article, Social Work in Public Health. (20192019).

Officer, Vice President, Global Awareness Society International. (May 2016May 2018).

Reviewer, Journal Article, International Social Work. (2015).

Other, Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought. (20092010).

Consulting

Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), The John Paul II Technical Institute, Nicaragua. (January 2016 – Present).