Adriel Boals

Previous Scheduled Teaching

Published Intellectual Contributions

Book Chapter

• Park, C.L., Boals, A. (2021). Current assessment and interpretation of perceived post-traumatic growth.. Redesigning Research on Post-Traumatic Growth. Oxford University Press.
• Boals, A., Schuettler, D., & Southard-Dobbs, S.. (2015).
• Kraha, A., Banks, J.B., & Schuettler, D.. (2010). Defining traumatic events: An examination of the A criteria.

Conference Proceeding

• Anam, M., Wike, A.E., Garner, A., Nowlin, L., Wheelis, T., Monden, K., Boals, A., Trost, Z. (2018). THE IMPACT OF INJUSTICE APPRAISALS ON PAIN AND PSYCHOSOCIAL OUTCOMES IN AN INPATIENT SPINAL CORD INJURY REHABILITATION PROGRAM. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 52 S330-S330.

Journal Article

• Olguin-Aguirre, R., Boals, A., Niemann, Y.F., Wang, D.C. (2024). Impact of potential changes in U.S. immigration policies on distress and mental health of Latinx college students. Journal of Latinos and Education.
• Boals, A., Glidewell, S.D. (2023). The presence of a wording effect on self-reports of posttraumatic growth. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping.
• Boals, A., Jayawickreme, E., Park, C. (2023). Advantages of distinguishing perceived and veridical posttraumatic growth: Recommendations for future research on both constructs. Journal of Positive Psychology.
• Boals, A., Griffith, E.L., Park, C.L. (2023). Can respondents accurately self-report posttraumatic growth when coached through the required cognitive steps?. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping.
• Boals, A., Glidewell, S.D. (2023). Encouraging inflated reports of posttraumatic growth: the presence of a wording effect on self-reports of posttraumatic growth. Other. 36 (6) 757-769. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85147213319
• Lucke, H.R., Carey, C.N., Griffith, E.L., Mathes, E.W., Lane, D.J., Boals, A. (2023). Self-control, coping styles, and alcohol outcomes in college students. Journal of American College Health. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85147308733
• Jenkins, S.R., Shamji, J., Straup, M., Boals, A. (2022). Beyond states and traits: Interpersonal decentering is activated social cognitive information processing. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences. 186
• Stevens, S.K., Timmer-Murillo, S., Tomas, C.W., Boals, A., Larson, C.L., deRoon-Cassini, T. (2022). Event centrality and posttraumatic stress after traumatic injury: A longitudinal investigation. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 35 1734-1743.
• Steinberg, M.H., Bellet, B.W., McNally, R.J., Boals, A. (2022). Resolving the paradox of posttraumatic growth and event centrality in trauma survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 35 434-445.
• Schuler, K.L., Ruggero, C., Mahaffey, B., Gonzalez, A., Callahan, J.L., Boals, A., Waszczuk, M.A., Luft, B.J., Kotov, R. (2021). When hindsight is not 20/20: Assessment of PTSD predominantly captures worst, not average, symptoms. Assessment. 28 238-247.
• Philippus, A., Sevigny, M., Agatarap, S., MacIntyre, B., Welch, A., Trost, Z., Boals, A., Monden, K.R. (2021). Validation of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) in a spinal cord injury population. Spinal Cord. 59 1177-1186.
• Boals, A., Griffith, E., Southard-Dobbs, S. (2020). A call for intervention research to reduce event centrality in trauma-exposed individuals.. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 25 74-85.
• Parnes, M., Boals, A., Brown, A., Eubank, J. (2020). Heterogeneity in temporal self-appraisals following exposure to trauma: A latent profile analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 277 515-523.
• Boals, A., Liu, K. (2020). Illusory reports of posttraumatic growth in response to a non-traumatic event. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 25 201-207.
• Boals, A., Liu, K. (2020). Illusory reports of posttraumatic growth in response to a non-traumatic event.. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 25 74-85.
• Boals, A., Trost, Z., Warren, A.M., Rainey, E. (2020). Injustice is served: Injustice mediates the effects of interpersonal trauma on posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression following traumatic injury.. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 33 201-207.
• Boals, A., Trost, Z., Warren, A.M., Rainey. (2020). Injustice is served: Injustice mediates the effects of interpersonal trauma on posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression following traumatic injury.. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 33 201-207.
• Boals, A., Banks, J.B. (2020). Stress and cognitive functioning during a pandemic: Thoughts from stress researchers.. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 12 S255-S257.
• Boals, A., Contractor, A.A., Blumenthal, H. (2020). The utility of college student samples in research on trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A critical review. Journal of Anxiety Disorders.
• Boals, A., Bedford, L.A., Callahan, J.L. (2019). Perceptions of change after a trauma and perceived posttraumatic growth: A prospective examination. 9 1-12.
• Boals, A., Schuler, K. (2019). Shattered Cell Phones, But Not Shattered Lives: A Comparison of Reports of Illusory Posttraumatic Growth on the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and the Stress- Related Growth Scale-Revised. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 239-246.. 11. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85050140364
• Monden, K., Philippus, A., Boals, A., Draganich, C., Morse, L., Ketchum, J., Trost, Z. (2019). Unique predictors of perceived injustice after spinal cord injury – Evidence for distinct psychological constructs.. Spinal Cord. 57 1031-1039.
• Rodriguez, L., Agtarap, S., Boals, A., Kearns, N., Bedford, L. (2019). Making a Biased Jury Decision: Using the Steven Avery Murder Case to Investigate Potential Influences in Jury Decision-Making. Psychology of Popular Media Culture. 8 429-436.. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85048225698
• Talarico, J., Kraha, A., Self, H., Boals, A. (2019). How did you hear the news? The role of traditional media, social media, and personal communication in flashbulb memory.. 12 359-376.
• Boals, A., Lancaster, S. (2018). How is religious comfort and religious strain related to mental health outcomes? An examination of the mediating roles of event centrality, negative affect, and social support in military veterans.. Journal of Military Behavioral Health. 6 22-29.
• Bedford, L.A., Dietch, J., Taylor, D.J., Boals, A., Zayfert, C. (2018). Computer-guided problem-solving treatment for depression, PTSD, and insomnia symptoms in student veterans: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy. 49 (5) 756-767.
• Boals, A., Schuler, K. (2018). Reducing Reports of Illusory Posttraumatic Growth: A Revised Version of the Stress-Related Growth Scale (SRGS-R). Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 10 190-198. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85017091453
• Zawadzki, M.J., Boals, A., Mathews, N., Schuler, K., Southard-Dobbs, S., Smyth, J.M. (2018). The relationship between perseverative cognitions and mental health and physical health complaints among college students. Other. 5 (1)
• Boals, A. (2018). Trauma in the eye of the beholder: Objective and subjective definitions of trauma. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration. 28 (1) 77-89. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85021735631
• Bourassa, K.J., Manvelian, A., Boals, A., Mehl, M.R., Sbarra, D.A. (2017). TELL ME A STORY: THE CREATION OF NARRATIVE AS A MECHANISM OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RECOVERY FOLLOWING MARITAL SEPARATION. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 36 (5) 359-379.
• Boals, A. (2017). Event centrality as a unique predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms and perceived disability following spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 55 (11) 1023-1027. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85032973635
• Monden, K.R. (2017). The association between injustice perception and psychological outcomes in an inpatient spinal cord injury sample: The mediating effects of anger. Spinal Cord. 55 (10) 898-905. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85030681287
• Boals, A. (2017). Severity of traumatic injuries predicting psychological outcomes: A surprising lack of empirical evidence. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 50 1-6. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85019164574
• Boals, A. (2017). Understanding the role of mind wandering in stress-related working memory impairments. Cognition and Emotion. 31 (5) 1023-1030. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84965000082
• Agtarap, S., Boals, A., Holtz, P., Roden-Foreman, K., Rainey, E.E., Ruggero, C., Warren, A.M. (2017). The effect of depressive symptoms on social support one year following traumatic injury.. Journal of Affective Disorders. 207 398-405.
• Boals, A., Ruggero, C. (2016). Event centrality prospectively predicts PTSD symptoms. Other. 29 (5) 533-541.
• Boals, A., Murrell, A.R. (2016). I am > trauma: Experimentally reducing event centrality and PTSD symptoms in a clinical trial.. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 21 (6) 471-483.
• Boals, A. (2016). Shattering world assumptions: A prospective view of the impact of adverse events on world assumptions. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 8 (3) 259-266. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84937796033
• Boals, A. (2016). Perceived Injustice Predicts Intention to Litigate: Findings from a Spinal Cord Injury Sample. Psychological Injury and Law. 9 (1) 31-40. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84953392768
• Boals, A. (2016). Examining the role of emotional valence of mind wandering: All mind wandering is not equal. Other. 43 167-176. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84979289538
• Boals, A., Beike, D., & Hathaway, L.M.. (2015).
• Southard-Dobbs, S. & Blumenthal, H.. (2015).
• Boals, A., Murrell, A.R., Bertsen, Southard-Dobbs, Agatrap. (2015). Experimentally reducing event centrality using a modified expressive writing intervention. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. 4 269-276.
• Boals, A., Valentine, L.M., Beike, D.R. (2015). GAINING INSIGHT INTO INSIGHT: DO INSIGHTS INTO STRESSFUL LIFE EXPERIENCES HAVE TO BE CORRECT TO BE BENEFICIAL?. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 34 (6) 476-494.
• Blumenthal, H., Leen-Feldner, E.W., Badour, C.L., Knapp, A.A., Boals, A. (2015). Traumatic event exposure and alcohol use expectancies among adolescents.. Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse. 37 337-343.
• Foreman, M.L. (2015). Mild traumatic brain injury increases risk for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 79 (6) 1062-1066. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84956809101
• Boals, A. (2015). Traumatic Event Exposure and Alcohol Use Expectancies among Adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse. 24 (6) 337-343. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84943366349
• Boals, A. (2015). Gaining insight into insight: Do insights into stressful life experiences have to be correct to be beneficial?. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 34 (6) 476-494. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84930730016
• Boals, A., Southard-Dobbs, S., Blumenthal, H. (2015). Adverse events in emerging adulthood are associated with increases in neuroticism.. Journal of Personality. 83 (2) 202-11.
• Boals, A. (2015). Refining our ability to measure posttraumatic growth. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 7 (5) 422-429. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84940721745
• Kraha, A. & Talarico, J.M.. (2014).
• None. (2014).
• Pruiksma, K.E., Taylor, D.J., Ruggero, C., Davis, J.L., Cranston, C., DeViva, J.C., & Zayfert, C.. (2014).
• Pruiksma, K.E., Taylor, D.J., Ruggero, C., Boals, A., Davis, J.L., Cranston, C., DeViva, J.C., Zayfert, C. (2014). A psychometric study of the Fear of Sleep Inventory-short form (FoSI-SF). Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 10 (5) 551. American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Hayslip, B., & Banks, J.B.. (2014). Age differences in autobiographical memories of negative events..
• Rubin, D.C. & Hoyle, R.H.. (2014). Narrative centrality and negative affectivity: Independent and interactive contributors to stress reactions..
• Kraha, A., Boals, A. (2014). Why so negative? Positive flashbulb memories for a personal event. Memory. 22 (4) 442-449.
• Kraha, A.. (2014). Why so negative? Positive flashbulb memories for receiving a Greek Life bid.
• Boals, A. (2014). Why so negative? Positive flashbulb memories for a personal event. Memory. 22 (4) 442-449. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84894342343
• Boals, A. (2014). Age differences in autobiographical memories of negative events. International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 78 (1) 47-65. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84892740821
• Boals, A. (2014). Narrative centrality and negative affectivity: Independent and interactive contributors to stress reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 143 (3) 1159-1170. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84901507602
• Boals, A. (2014). Unexpected positive events do not result in flashbulb memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology. 28 (4) 579-589. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84904756423
• Boals, A. (2014). Using Event Centrality to Predict Depressive Symptoms after a Romantic Conflict: A Prospective Design. Applied Cognitive Psychology. 28 (2) 259-265. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84895542667
• Austin, H.L., Jenkins, S.R.. (2013). Content analysis of expressive writing narratives on relationship breakups using interpersonal decentering.
• Boals, A., Riggs, S.A., & Kraha, A. (2013). Coping with stressful or traumatic events: What aspects of trauma reactions are associated with health outcomes?. 29 156-163.
• Riggs, S. & Kraka, A.. (2013). Coping with stressful or traumatic events: What aspects of trauma reactions are associated with health outcomes..
• Rodriguez, C., Ruggero, C.J., Callahan, J.L., Kilmer, J.N., & Banks, J.B.. (2013). Does the risk for bipolar disorder heighten the disconnect between objective and subjective appraisals of cognition?.
• Sbarra, D.A., Mason, A.E., Larson, G.M., & Mehl, M.R.. (2013). Expressive writing may impede emotional recovery following divorce.
• Jenkins, S.R., Belanger, A., Connally, M.L., & Duron, K.M.. (2013). First generation undergraduates' social support, depression, and life satisfaction..
• Gonzalez, D.A., Boals, A., Jenkins, S.R., Schuler, E.R., Taylor, D.J. (2013). Psychometrics and latent structure of the IDS and QIDS with young adult students. Journal of Affective Disorders. 149 (1) 217–220. Elsevier.
• Andrés González, D., Jenkins, S.R., Schuler, E., & & Taylor. D.J.. (2013). Psychometrics and latent structure of the IDS and QIDS with young adult students..
• Barton, S. & Knowles, L.. (2013). Thinking about trauma: The unique contributions of event centrality and posttraumatic cognitions in predicting PTSD and posttraumatic growth..
• Rodriguez, C., Ruggero, C., Callahan, J.L., Kilmer, J.N., Boals, A., Banks, J.B. (2013). Does risk for bipolar disorder heighten the disconnect between objective and subjective appraisals of cognition?. Journal of Affective Disorders. 148 (2-3) 400-405. Elsevier BV. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.06.029
• Banks, J.B. & Hayslip, B.. (2012). A self-administered, mild form of exposure therapy for older adults..
• Banks, J.B.. (2012). Additive effects of traumatic stress and perceived stress on everyday cognitive functioning..
• Hayslip, B., Knowles, L., & Banks, J.B.. (2012). Perceiving a negative event as central to one's identity partially mediates age differences in PTSD symptoms..
• Wilkerson, A., Boals, A., Taylor, D.J. (2012). Sharpening our Understanding of the Consequences of Insomnia: The Relationship Between Insomnia and Everyday Cognitive Failures. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 36 (2) 134–139. Springer Netherlands.
• Wilkerson, A. & Taylor, D.T.. (2012). Sharpening our understanding of the consequences of insomnia: The relationship between insomnia and everyday cognitive failures..
• Boals, A. (2012). The use of meaning making in expressive writing: When meaning is beneficial..
• Schuettler, D.. (2011). A double-edged sword: The relationship between event centrality, PTSD, and posttraumatic growth..
• Rogers, R. & Drogin, E.Y.. (2011). Applying cognitive models of deception to national security investigations in the context of public policy, law, and ethical practices..
• Rogers, R., Boals, A., Drogin, E.Y. (2011). Applying cognitive models of deception to national security investigations: Considerations of psychological research, law, and ethical practice. Journal of Psychiatry & Law. 39 (2) 339–364. SAGE Publications.
• Kraha, A.. (2011). Parents and vehicle purchases for their children: A surprising source of weight bias..
• Morgan, H. & Banks, J.B.. (2011). Social anxiety and word use: How environments can influence words..
• Rubin, D.C.. (2011). The integration of emotions in traumatic memories: Cognitive-emotional distinctiveness and posttraumatic stress disorder..
• Schuettler, D.. (2011). The path to posttraumatic growth versus PTSD: Contributions of event centrality and coping..
• vanDellen, M.R. & Banks, J.B.. (2011). The relationship between self-control and mental and physical health: The mediating effects of avoidant coping..
• Hathaway, L.M. & Rubin, D.C.. (2011). The therapeutic effects of completing autobiographical memory questionnaires for positive and negative events: An experimental approach..
• Gerber, M.M. & Schuettler, D.. (2011). The unique contributions of positive religious coping to posttraumatic growth..
• Banks, J.B., Hathaway, L.M., & Schuettler, D.. (2011). Use of cognitive words in stressful narratives reflects the meaning-making process..
• Steward, J.M., & Schuettler, D.. (2010). Advancing our understanding of posttraumatic growth by considering event centrality..
• Boals, A. (2010). Autobiographical memories that have become central to identity: Gender differences in the Centrality of Events Scale for positive and negative events..
• Klein, K.. (2010). Coherence, cohesiveness and narrative structure in personal accounts of stressful experiences..
• Rubin, D.C.. (2010). People who seek psychotherapy believe that it is much more likely that they have forgotten an incident of childhood trauma.
• McLaughlin, P.D.. (2010). Perception can affect performance on rhythmic tasks..
• Hathaway, L.M. & Banks, J.B. (2010). PTSD symptoms and dominant emotional response to a stressful event: An examination of DSM-IV criterion A2.
• Hathaway, L.M.. (2010). The importance of the DSM-IV E and F criteria in self-report assessments of PTSD..
• Rubin, D.C. & Klein, K.. (2010). Voluntary and involuntary autobiographical memories for very negative events: Effects of writing about and rating memories..
• Perez, A.S.. (2009). Language use predicts phenomenological properties of Holocaust memories and health..
• Schuettler, D.. (2009). PTSD symptoms in response to traumatic and non-traumatic events: The role of respondent perception and A2 criterion..
• Boals, A. (2008). Intrusive thoughts and everyday cognitive failures in Holocaust survivors ..
• Rubin, D.C., & Klein, K.. (2008). Memory and coping with stress: The relationship between cognitive-emotional distinctiveness, memory valence, and distress ..
• Rubin, D. C., & Berntsen, D.. (2008). Memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: Properties of voluntary and involuntary, traumatic and non-traumatic autobiographical memories in people with and without PTSD symptoms..
• Klein, K.. (2005). Cognitive-emotional distinctiveness: Separating emotions from non-emotions in the representation of a stressful memory..
• Klein, K.. (2005). Word use in emotional narratives about failed romantic relationships and subsequent mental health..
• Klein, K.. (2001). Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity.
• Klein, K.. (2001). The relationship of life stress and working memory..

Review, Journal

• Boals, A. (2023). Illusory posttraumatic growth is common, but genuine posttraumatic growth is rare: A critical review and suggestions for a path forward. Other. 103 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85162169404
• Boals, A. (2017). Tell me a story: The creation of narrative as a mechanism of psychological recovery following marital separation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 36 (5) 359-379. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85019670047

Contracts, Grants and Sponsored Research

Grant - Research

• Boals, A., "Modified Expressive Writing Intervention to Reduce Event Centrality," sponsored by Danish National Research Foundation, University of North Texas, $25000 Funded. (2014 - 2016).
• Boals, A. (Principal), "Innovative Approaches to Understanding and Treating PTSD," sponsored by NIH/NIMH, University of North Texas, $37500 Funded. (2011 - 2015).
• Boals, A., "Modified Expressive Writing Intervention to Reduce Event Centrality," sponsored by Danish National Research Foundation, University of North Texas, Funded. (2014 - 2016).
• Boals, A. (Principal), "Innovative Approaches to Understanding and Treating PTSD," sponsored by NIH/NIMH, University of North Texas, Funded. (2011 - 2015).