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Joshua N. Hook

Title: Professor

Department: Psychology

College: College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences

Curriculum Vitae

Curriculum Vitae Link

Education

  • PhD, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2010
    Major: Counseling Psychology
    Dissertation: The Effectiveness of Religiously Tailored Couple Counseling
  • MS, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2007
    Major: Counseling Psychology
    Dissertation: Forgiveness, Individualism, and Collectivism
  • BS, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005
    Major: Psychology

Current Scheduled Teaching

PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2025
PSYC 6850.752Predoctoral InternshipSpring 2025
PSYC 5900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2025
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2024
PSYC 5680.002Foundations of Counseling PsychologyFall 2024
PSYC 6840.751Predoctoral InternshipFall 2024
PSYC 5910.732Special ProblemsFall 2024

Previous Scheduled Teaching

PSYC 5950.724Master's ThesisSummer 10W 2024
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2024
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2023
PSYC 5910.732Special ProblemsFall 2023
PSYC 5950.724Master's ThesisSummer 10W 2023
PSYC 6950.711Doctoral DissertationSpring 2023
PSYC 5950.711Master's ThesisSpring 2023
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2023 SPOT
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2022
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2022
PSYC 2600.001Interpersonal BehaviorSummer 5W1 2022 Syllabus
PSYC 3000.901Positive PsychologySummer 5W2 2022 Syllabus SPOT
PSYC 6950.711Doctoral DissertationSpring 2022
PSYC 5950.711Master's ThesisSpring 2022
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2022 SPOT
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2021
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2021
PSYC 3000.900Positive PsychologyFall 2021 Syllabus SPOT
PSYC 3000.950Positive PsychologyFall 2021 Syllabus SPOT
PSYC 6900.708Special ProblemsFall 8W2 2021
PSYC 3000.001Positive PsychologySummer 5W2 2021 Syllabus SPOT
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2021
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2021
PSYC 6900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2021
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2020
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2020
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingFall 2020 SPOT
PSYC 3000.001Positive PsychologySummer 5W2 2020 Syllabus SPOT
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2020
PSYC 4950.725Honors ThesisSpring 2020
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2020
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2019
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2019
PSYC 5900.725Special ProblemsFall 2019
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSummer 10W 2019
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2019
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2019
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2019 SPOT
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2018
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2018
PSYC 5900.725Special ProblemsFall 2018
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSummer 10W 2018
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsSummer 10W 2018
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2018
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2018 SPOT
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2017
PSYC 6820.715PracticumFall 2017
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2017
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2017
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2016
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2016
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsFall 2016
PSYC 6900.725Special ProblemsFall 2016
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2016
PSYC 6900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2016
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2016 SPOT
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2015
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2015
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2015
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2015
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2014
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSummer 10W 2014
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsSummer 10W 2014
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationSpring 2014
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2014
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2014
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2014
PSYC 6950.725Doctoral DissertationFall 2013
PSYC 6610.725Independent ResearchFall 2013
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2013
PSYC 3000.001Positive PsychologyFall 2013 Syllabus
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsSummer 10W 2013
PSYC 4950.725Honors ThesisSpring 2013
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2013
PSYC 5900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2013
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2013
PSYC 2600.001Interpersonal BehaviorFall 2012 Syllabus
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2012
PSYC 4910.725Special ProblemsFall 2012
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2012
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2012
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisFall 2011
PSYC 2317.002Quantitative MethodsFall 2011 Syllabus
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSummer 10W 2011
PSYC 5900.725Special ProblemsSummer 10W 2011
PSYC 5950.725Master's ThesisSpring 2011
PSYC 4900.725Special ProblemsSpring 2011
PSYC 6300.001Theory and Application of Multicultural CounselingSpring 2011
PSYC 2317.001Quantitative MethodsFall 2010 Syllabus

Published Intellectual Contributions

    Book

  • Hook, J.N. (2023). The complete researcher: A practical guide for graduate students and early career professionals.
  • hook, Hook, J.N. (2023). Thriving families: A trauma-informed guidebook for the foster and adoptive journey.
  • Millburn, Nicodemus, Ando, Mihalik, Hook, J. (2020). Inside minimalism: Essays on simple living (Vol. 1).
  • Davis, D., DeBlaere, C., Hook, J. (2019). Mindfulness-based practices in therapy: A cultural humility approach. American Psychological Association.
  • Hook, J., Hook, J. (2019). Replanted: Faith-based support for adoptive and foster families. John Templeton Press.
  • Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E., Owen, J., DeBlaere, C. (2017). Cultural humility: Engaging diverse identities in therapy. APA Books.
  • Hook, J.P., Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E. (2017). Helping groups heal: Leading small groups in the process of transformation. John Templeton Press.
  • Worthington, E.L., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N. (2016). Handbook of humility. Routledge.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Johnson, E. L., Hook, J. N., & Aten, J. D.. (2013).
  • Book Chapter

  • captari, sandage, vandiver, Jankowski, Hook, J.N. (2023). Integrating positive psychology, religion/spirituality, and a virtue focus within culturally responsive mental healthcare. Handbook of positive psychology, religion, and spirituality.
  • hodge, Hook, J.N. (2023). Positive psychology and Christianity. Handbook of positive psychology, religion, and spirituality.
  • cauble, said, mclaughlin, gazaway, van tongeren, Hook, J.N. (2023). Religion/spirituality and the twin virtues of humility and gratitude. Handbook of positive psychology, religion, and spirituality.
  • gafford, agorsor, davis, Hook, J.N. (2023). Spiritually focused, multiculturally oriented psychotherapy in the criminal justice system. Handbook of spiritually integrated psychotherapies.
  • Captari, L., Nyiransekuye, zaremba, Gerber, M., Hook, J. (2021). Engaging refugees with cultural humility. Refugee Mental Health.
  • worthington, griffin, lavelock, davis, Hook, J. (2021). Humility: A qualitative review. The Oxford handbook of positive psychology (3rd ed.).
  • Hodge, A., Alderson, Davis , C., Mosher, D., Hook, J. (2020). Religion and spirituality, free will, and effective self-regulation. The science of religion, spirituality, and existentialism.
  • Van Tongeren, Aten, Davis, Davis, Hook, J. (2020). Religion, spirituality, and meaning in the wake of disaster. Disaster mental health and positive psychology.
  • Captari, L., Hook, J. (2019). Embodied spirituality following disaster: Exploring intersections of religious and place attachment in resilience and meaning making. The psychology of religion and place.
  • McElroy-Heltzel, Davis, Ordaz, Griffin, Hook, J. (2019). Measuring forgiveness and self-forgiveness: Descriptions, psychometric support, and recommendations for research and practice. Handbook of forgiveness (2nd ed.).
  • Hodge, A., Captari, L., Mosher, D., Kodali, Hook, J. (2019). Personality and forgiveness: A meta-analytic review. Handbook of forgiveness (2nd ed.).
  • Mosher, D., Hook, J. (2019). Relational humility. Humility.
  • Hook, J. (2019). Religion and spirituality. Psychotherapy relationships that work (3rd ed.).
  • Grubbs, J.B., Hook, J.N., Griffin, B.J., Penberthy, J.K., Kraus, S.W. (2018). Clinical assessment and diagnosis of sexual addiction. The Routledge International Handbook of Sexual Addiction. 167-180.
  • Worthington, E.L., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Provencher, C. (2018). Humility. Subjective well-being and life satisfaction. 168-183.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Faith and disaster mental health: Research, theology, and practice. Treating trauma in Christian counseling. 305-321.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Humility at work. The wiley blackwell handbook of the psychology of positivity and strengths-based approaches at work. 191-209.
  • Mosher, D., Hook, J.N., Grubbs, J.B. (2017). Self-forgiveness and hypersexual behavior. Handbook of the Psychology of Self-forgiveness. 272-292.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Treating hypersexuality. Handbook of sex therapy. 115-128.
  • Mosher, D., Hook, J.N., Farrell, J., Watkins, C.E., Davis, D.E. (2016). Cultural humility. Handbook of humility. 91-104.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Epilogue: What we have learned, where we are likely to go. Handbook of humility. 343-356.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Introduction: Context, overview, and guiding questions. 1-16.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Microaggressions and cultural humility in psychotherapy. Handbook of humility. 316-328.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J.N., Johnson, K.A. (2016). Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. 1-3. Springer International Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_1252-1
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Relational humility. Handbook of humility. 105-118.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). The clinical application of humility to moral injury: An exemplar of positive military psychology. 329-342.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Lavelock, C., Van Tongeren, D. R., Jennings, D. J. II., Gartner, A. L., Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Berry, J. D., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Ripley, J. S., & Greer, C. L.. (2014).
  • Woodruff, E., Van Tongeren, D. R., McElroy, S., Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., & Wade, N. G.. (2014).
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., & Wade, N. G.. (2014).
  • Hook, J. N., & Hook, J. P.. (2013).
  • Hook, J. P., & Hook, J. N.. (2013).
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., & Jennings, D. J. II.. (2013). Conducting empirical research on religiously accommodative interventions.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Greer, C., & Lin, Y.. (2013). Religion and spirituality and forgiveness.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Gartner, A. L., Webb, J. R., Toussaint, L., & Sandage, S. J.. (2012). Forgiveness.
  • Van Tongeren, D. R., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Greer, C. L., & Greer, T. W.. (2012). Forgiveness and religion: Update and current status.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Greer, C. L., Van Tongeren, D. R., & Greer, T. W.. (2012). Forgiveness and the role of religion and spirituality..
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Ripley, J. S., Hook, J. N., Miller, A. J., Lin, Y., Lavelock, C., & Crawford, S.. (2012). Hope-focused couple approach: Research on efficacy and analysis of why it might be effective.
  • Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2012). Religion and spirituality.
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Davis, D. E.. (2012). Religion and spirituality in counseling.
  • Wilkerson, A. K. & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Behavioral interventions.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Christian counseling efficacy.
  • Jennings, D. J. II. & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Counseling skills.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Greer, C. L., & Greer, T. W.. (2011). Forgiveness and religion: Update and current status.
  • Van Tongeren, D. R., Green, J. D., Davis, J. L., Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Greer, C. L., & Greer, T. W.. (2011). Meaning in life as a restraint of evil.
  • Van Tongeren, D. R., & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Operant conditioning.
  • Purser, M. M. & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Outcome research.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Van Tongeren, D. R., Greer, C. L., Greer, T. W., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2011). Positive psychology as a solution for evil.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Miller, A. J., Gartner, A. L., & Jennings, D. J. II.. (2011). Promoting forgiveness as a religious or spiritual intervention.
  • Jennings, D. J. II., Gartner, A. L., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Van Tongeren, D. R., Greer, C. L., Greer, T. W., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2011). Punishment as a restraint of evil.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., & McDaniel, M. A.. (2011). Religion and spirituality.
  • Womack, S. D. & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Self-talk.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Gartner, A. L., & Jennings, D. J. II.. (2010). Relational spirituality and forgiveness.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Sandage, S. J., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Miller, A. J., Hall, M. E. L., & Hall, T. W.. (2009). Training therapists to address spiritual concerns in clinical practice and research.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Wade, N. G., Miller, A. J., & Sharp, C. B.. (2008). The effects of therapists' religion on the marriage therapist and marriage counseling.
  • Utsey, S. O., Stanard, P., & Hook, J. N.. (2008). Understanding the role of cultural factors in relation to suicide among African Americans: Implications for research and practice.
  • Encyclopedia Article

  • Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E. (2018). Cultural humility. International encyclopedia of intercultural communication.
  • Miller, A. J., Hook, J. N., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2008). Brief therapy.
  • Journal Article

  • Davis, D., Ballantyne, N., Hook, J.N. (2023). Conclusion to the special issue on the interdisciplinary study of intellectual humility: Unifying themes from divergent theories and research programs. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Hook, J.N. (2023). Conviction, competence, and context: A three-level model to promote racial diversity, inclusion, and equity among Christians. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • wilcox, black, farra, zimmerman, drinane, tao, deblaere, Hook, J.N. (2023). Cultural humility, cultural comfort, and supervision processes and outcomes for BIPOC supervisees. The Counseling Psychologist.
  • Ho, Liang, Hook, J.N. (2023). Development and validation of the forbearance scale. Journal of Personality Assessment.
  • Hook, J.N. (2023). Differentiation of self and cultural competence: A systematic review of the empirical literature. Practice Innovations.
  • Davis, D., Bowes, S., McLaughlin, A., Tsu, W., Gazaway, S., McElroy-Heltzel, S., Van Tongeren, D., Hook, J.N. (2023). In search of convergent creativity: Content analysis of research on intellectual humility. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • van tongeren, dewall, davis, Hook, J.N. (2023). Intellectual humility and existentially relevant moral decisions. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • mclaughlin, van tongeren, mcelroy-heltzel, bowes, rice, Hook, J.N. (2023). Intellectual humility in the context of existential commitment. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Hook, J.N. (2023). Minimalism, voluntary simplicity, and well-being: A systematic review of the empirical literature. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • DeBlaere, Zelaya, Bowie, Chadwick, Davis, Hook, J.N. (2023). Multiple microaggressions therapy outcomes: The indirect effects of cultural humility and working alliance with black, indigenous, women of color clients. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice.
  • Davis, C., Vosvick, M., Hook, J.N. (2023). Religious relief: Exploring the role of religion and spirituality in the lives of people living with HIV. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • hodge, norton, karwoski, Yoon, J.J., Hook, J.N. (2023). The experience of, and beliefs about, divine grace in Mainline Protestant Christianity: A consensual qualitative approach. Archive for the Psychology of Religion.
  • Davis, Barneche, Aten, Shannonhouse, Wang, Van Tongeren, Davis, Hook, J.N. (2023). The multilevel correlates, contributions, and consequences of leader humility in humanitarian aid work. Frontiers in Psychology.
  • mcelroy-heltzel, davis, Hook, J.N. (2023). Too much of a good thing: Differentiating intellectual humility from servility in higher education. Journal of Moral Education.
  • Hook, J.N. (2023). What motivates us to be intellectually humble? A necessary bridge to applied work. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Hook, J.N., Hodge, A., Watkins, C.E., Deblaere, C. (2023). What motivates us to be intellectually humble? A necessary bridge to applied work. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 18 (2) 276-279.
  • wilcox, black, drinane, moralez-ramirez, akef, tao, deblaere, Hook, J.N. (2022). A brief qualitative examination of multicultural orientation in clinical supervision. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice.
  • mclaughlin, a., davis, d., Hook, J.N. (2022). Approaches to understanding and aligning with religious leaders: A latent profile analysis of religious leaders’ worldviews. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • Zhang, H., Watkins, C.E., Hook, J.N. (2022). Cultural humility in psychotherapy and clinical supervision: A research review. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research.
  • Hodge, A., Hook, J.N. (2022). Experiencing grace: A review of the empirical literature. Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J.N. (2022). Extending multicultural orientation to the group supervision of psychotherapy: Practical applications. Practice Innovations.
  • wilcox, drinane, black, cabrera, deblaere, tao, Hook, J.N. (2022). Layered cultural processes: The relationship between multicultural orientation and satisfaction with supervision. Training and Education in Professional Psychology.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J.N., Wang, C. (2022). Multicultural streaming in group psychotherapy supervision: Orientation to and preparation for culturally humble practice. American Journal of Psychotherapy.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J.N. (2022). Nonreligious spirituality, mental health, and well-being. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • paine, sandage, Hook, J.N. (2022). Orienting to otherness: Intellectual humility, moral foundations, and mature alterity outcomes. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • jichan, k., Hodge, A., Hook, J.N. (2022). Political humility, empathy, and forgiveness of a political hurt among conservative Christians. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • mcmartin, kapic, davis, d., witvliet, hall, Hook, J.N. (2022). Reflections on the prospects and perils of interdisciplinary collaboration in emic research. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Ellis, H., Hook, J.N. (2022). Religious and spiritual abuse and trauma: A systematic review of the empirical literature. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • mcelroy-heltzel, s., shannonhouse, l., davis, e., lemke, mize, aten, j., fullen, Hook, J.N. (2022). Resource loss and mental health during COVID-19: Psychosocial protective factors among U.S. older adults with chronic disease. International Journal of Psychology.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J.N. (2022). The role of spiritual fortitude in meaning and mental health symptoms following a natural disaster. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • Zhang, H., Watkins Jr., C.E., Hook, J.N., Hodge, A., Davis, C., Norton, J., Wilcox, M., Davis, D., DeBlaere, C., Owen, J. (2021). Cultural humility in psychotherapy and clinical supervision: A research review.. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research. To Be Determined (TBD) TBD. Wiley.
  • Penberthy, J., Hodge, A., Hook, J.N. (2021). Development and implementation of a mindfulness-based intervention for systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • van tongeren, davis, Hook, J. (2021). Existentially threatening stimuli increase religious cognitive dissonance among the less intrinsically religious. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • mcconnell, bacote, davis, brown, fort, liu, worthington, Hook, J. (2021). Including multiculturalism, social justice, and peace within the integration of psychology and theology: Barriers and a call to action. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Hook, J. (2021). Inquiry-based stress reduction: A review of the empirical literature. Journal of Clinical Psychology.
  • Davis, D., Hook, J. (2021). Introduction to the special issue: Use of mindfulness with Christians of color. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Wilcox, M., Drinana, J., Black, S., Cabrera, L., DeBlaere, C., Tao, K., Hook, J.N., Davis, D., Watkins Jr., C.E., Owen, J. (2021). Layered cultural processes: The relationship between multicultural orientation and satisfaction with supervision.. Training and Education in Professional Psychology. To Be Determined (TBD) TBD. American Psychological Association.
  • sharp, george, davis, cuthbert, zahl, davis, Hook, J. (2021). Measures of god representations: Theoretical framework and critical review. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • Coppola, Kumar, Hook, J. (2021). Measuring humility in musical contexts: Development of the Musical Humility Scale. Psychology of Music.
  • DeBlaere, Green, Brown, Dwiwardani, Owen, Hook, J. (2021). Mindfulness and Christians of color: Themes and recommendations. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Watkins, C.E., Toyama, S., Briones, M., Gaskin-Cole, G., Zuniga, S., Yoon, J., Hwang, H., Hasan, F., Doty, D., Harker, J.R., Hook, J., Wang, C., Wilcox, M.M. (2021). Multicultural streaming in group psychotherapy supervision: A brief educational stimulus report.. American Journal of Psychotherapy.
  • Davis, Van Tongeren, McElroy-Heltzel, Davis, Rice, Hook, J. (2021). Perceived and actual posttraumatic growth in religiousness and spirituality following disasters. Journal of Personality.
  • Hodge, A., Hook, J. (2021). Political humility: Engaging others with different political perspectives. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Davis, E., McElroy-Heltzel, Lemke, Cowden, VanderWeele, Worthington, Glowiak, Shannonhouse, Davis, Hook, J. (2021). Psychological and spiritual outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study of U.S. adults with chronic disease. Health Psychology.
  • mclaughlin, hsu, said, williams, gazaway, petion, cauble, finan, deblaere, Hodge, A., Hook, J. (2021). Religious and spiritual concerns of mindfulness in counseling: Client sample. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J. (2021). Religious and spiritual struggles and coping amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J. (2021). Religious and spiritual struggles and mental health following a disaster: The moderating role of spiritual fortitude. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J. (2021). Spiritual fortitude: A systematic review of the literature and implications for COVID-19 coping. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • Poling, R., Hook, J. (2021). The effect of a men’s initiation weekend on authenticity, assertiveness, and forgiveness: A pilot study. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care.
  • Mosher, D., Hook, J. (2021). The efficacy of an expressive writing intervention to restore meaning after a natural disaster. The Counseling Psychologist.
  • Hook, J. (2021). The Enneagram: A systematic review of the literature and directions for future research. Journal of Clinical Psychology.
  • Hook, J. (2021). Trust in God: An evaluative review of the literature and research proposal. Mental Health, Religion & Culture.
  • Hodge, A., Hook, J. (2020). Attitudes of religious leaders toward integrating psychology and church ministry. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • Hodge, A., Captari, L., Mosher, D., Hook, J. (2020). Exploring the intersections of religious attachment, meaning, and culture. Religion, Brain & Behavior.
  • Penberthy, Hodge, A., Hook, J. (2020). Meditators and nonmeditators: A descriptive analysis over time with a focus on unusual and extraordinary experiences.
  • Hodge, A., Mosher, D., Davis , C., Captari, L., Hook, J. (2020). Political humility and forgiveness of a political hurt or offense. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Johnson, Moon, Okun, Scott, O'Rourke, Hook, J. (2020). Science, God, and the Cosmos: Science both erodes (via logic) and promotes (via awe) belief in God. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.
  • Cross, Drinane, Owen, Schmidt, Raque-Bogdan, Hook, J. (2020). Uncovering alternate ethnic identity trajectories: A cluster analysis of the MEIM and psychological well-being.
  • Coppola, W., Kumar, A.B., Hook, J.N. (2020). Measuring humility in musical concepts: Initial development of the Musical Humility Scale. Psychology of Music. Online first 1–11.
  • Shannonhouse, Bialo, Zeligman, Davis, McElroy, Majuta, Aten, Davis, Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). Conserving resources after chronic disaster: Impacts of religious and meaning-focused coping on Botswana drought survivors. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J., Owen, DeBlaere, Davis, Callahan, J.L. (2019). Creating and elaborating the cultural third: A doers-doing with perspective on psychoanalytic supervision.
  • Gafford, Raines, Sinha, DeBlaere, Davis, Hook, J. (2019). Cultural humility as a spiritually-focused intervention in correctional settings: The role of therapists’ multicultural orientation. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Mosher, D., McConnell, Hook, J. (2019). Cultural humility of religious communities and well-being in sexual minority persons. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • DeBlaere, Shodiya-Zeumalt, Hinger, Cobourne, Davis, Zelaya, Chadwick, Zeligman, Hook, J. (2019). Cultural humility with religious and spiritually diverse women of color clients: A psychometric analysis. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Davis, Hook, J. (2019). Cultural humility: Conclusion to the special issue. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Hook, J. (2019). Cultural humility: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Johnson, Okun, Cohen, Sharp, Hook, J. (2019). Development and validation of a five-factor LAMBI measure of God representations. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • Van Tongeren, Aten, McElroy, Davis, Shannonhouse, Davis, Hook, J. (2019). Development and validation of a measure of spiritual fortitude. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy.
  • Cowden, Worthington, Nonterah, Cairo, Griffin, Hook, J. (2019). Development of the collectivist-sensitive trait forgivingness scale.
  • McElroy-Heltzel, Davis, Worthington, Hook, J. (2019). Embarrassment of riches in the measurement of humility: A critical review of 22 measures. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Griffin, Toussaint, Zoelzer, Worthington, Coleman, Lavelock, McElroy, Hook, J. (2019). Evaluating the effectiveness of a community-based forgiveness campaign. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Hodge, A., Melian, Hook, J. (2019). Exploring religious intellectual humility and spiritual humility. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J. (2019). Exploring social belonging and meaning in religious groups. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Davis, Kimball, Aten, Hamilton, Andrews, Lemke, Hook, Captari, L., Granqvist, Hook, J. (2019). Faith in the wake of disaster: A longitudinal qualitative study of religious attachment following a catastrophic flood. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy.
  • Black, Brelsford, Worthington, Davis, Hook, J. (2019). How do humility prototypes affect the association between perception of spouse’s humility and depressive symptoms and couple conflict?. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Van Tongeren, Davis, Hook, J. (2019). Humility.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J., Mosher, D., Callahan, J.L. (2019). Humility in clinical supervision: Fundamental, foundational, and transformational. The Clinical Supervisor.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J., Owen, DeBlaere, Davis, Van Tongeren, Callahan, J.L. (2019). Humility, ruptures, and rupture repair in clinical supervision: A simple conceptual clarification and extension. The Clinical Supervisor.
  • Davis, Hook, J. (2019). Introduction: Special issue on interdisciplinary scholarship on virtues. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J. (2019). Multicultural orientation in psychotherapy supervision: Cultural humility, cultural opportunities, and cultural comfort. American Journal of Psychotherapy.
  • Choe, Srisarajivakul, Davis, DeBlaere, Hook, J. (2019). Predicting attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: The effects of social conservatism, religious orientation, and cultural humility. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Captari, L., Shannonhouse, Hook, J. (2019). Prejudicial and welcoming attitudes toward Syrian refugees: The roles of cultural humility and moral foundations. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Hook, J. (2019). Reflecting on the joys and challenges of interdisciplinary collaboration: An endpiece. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Van Tongeren, Sanders, Edwards, Davis, Aten, Ranter, Tsarouhis, Short, Cuthbert, Hook, J. (2019). Religious and spiritual struggles alter God representations. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • Dispenza, McElroy, Davis, Zeligman, Davis, Aten, Hwang, Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). Religious factors and global meaning violation in Louisiana flood survivors. Traumatology.
  • Rodriguez, Hook, J. (2019). Religious intellectual humility, attitude change, and closeness following religious disagreement. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Davis, Kimball, Aten, Andrews, Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). Religious meaning making and attachment in a disaster context: A longitudinal qualitative study of flood survivors. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Davis, Kimball, Aten, Andrews, Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). Religious meaning making and attachment in a disaster context: A longitudinal qualitative study of flood survivors. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • San Roman, Mosher, D., Hook, J. (2019). Religious support buffers the indirect negative psychological effects of mass shooting in church-affiliated individuals. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy.
  • Davis, Hook, J. (2019). Seven challenges of an interdisciplinary project to measure intellectual humility. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • McLaughlin, Shodiya-Zeumault, McElroy-Heltzel, Davis, McLaughlin-Sheasby, Hook, J. (2019). Test of the social buffering hypothesis in the context of religious disagreements. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). The complementarity of humility hypothesis: Individual, relational, and physiological effects of mutually humble partners. The Journal of Positive Psychology.
  • Aten, J., Smith, Davis, Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). The psychological study of religion and spirituality in a disaster context: A systematic review. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy.
  • Carlson, Aten, McElroy-Heltzel, Davis, Van Tongeren, Hook, J. (2019). We welcome refugees? Understanding the relationship between religious orientation, religious commitment, personality, and prejudicial attitudes toward Syrian refugees. International Journal of the Psychology of Religion.
  • Reid, C.A., Worthington, E.L., Garthe, R.C., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Van Tongeren, D.R., Griffin, B.J. (2018). Actor-partner interdependence of humility and relationship quality among couples transitioning to parenthood. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 13 122-132.
  • Davis, E.B., Aten, J.D., Van Tongeren, D.R., Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E., DeBlaere, C., Shannonhouse, L.R. (2018). Advancing scientific research on disasters, religion, and spirituality. Journal of Psychology and Christianity. 37 87-93.
  • McElroy-Heltzel, S.E., Davis, E.B., Davis, D.E., Aten, J.D., Hook, J.N., Van Tongeren, D.R., Hwang, J. (2018). Benevolent theodicies protect against PTSD following a natural disaster. Journal of Psychology and Christianity. 37 6-16.
  • Hook, J. (2018). Contextualizing intellectual humility: A reply to Church. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Cuthbert, Davis, Aten, Short, Yarborough, Lavelock, Worthington, Davis, Hook, J. (2018). Cultivating humility in religious leaders: The effectiveness of a spiritually integrated positive psychology intervention. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.
  • McElroy-Heltzel, S.E., Davis, D.E., DeBlaere, C., Massengale, M., Choe, E., Hook, J.N. (2018). Cultural humility: Pilot testing the social bonds hypothesis in interethnic couples. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 65 531-537.
  • Griffin, B.J., Worthington, E.L., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Maguen, S. (2018). Development of the self-forgiveness dual-process scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 65 715-726.
  • Toussaint, L., Worthington, E.L., Van Tongeren, D.R., Hook, J.N., Berry, J.W., Brownstein, E.J., Warner, S., Boleen, K., Shivy, V.A., Justice, J.L., Miller, A.H., Davis, D.E. (2018). Forgiveness working: Forgiveness, health, and productivity in the workplace. American Journal of Health Promotion. 32 59-67.
  • Cowden, R., Crust, L., Joynt, S., Hook, J.N., Worthington, E.L. (2018). How do mentally tough athletes overcome self-directed anger, shame, and criticism? A self-forgiveness mediation analysis. International Journal of Sport Psychology.
  • Captari, L., Hook, J.N., Hoyt, W., Davis, D.E., McElroy-Heltzel, S.E., Worthington, E.L. (2018). Integrating clients’ religion and spirituality within psychotherapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 74 1938-1951.
  • Hook, J. (2018). Intellectual humility and religion: A psychological perspective. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Davis, Hook, J. (2018). Intellectual humility in the trenches: A reply to Church. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
  • Captari, L., Hook, J.N., Mosher, D., Boan, D., Aten, J.D., Davis, E.B., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, D.R. (2018). Negative religious coping and burnout among national humanitarian aid workers following Typhoon Haiyan. Journal of Psychology and Christianity.
  • Bloom, T.L., Captari, L.E., French, B.H., Ryan, K., Ryan, K. (2018). Planting the tree: A faith-based program for teen dating violence prevention. Spirituality in Clinical Practice. 5 212-217.
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Worthington, E.L., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Reid, C.A., Garthe, R.C. (2018). Positive religious coping in relationships predicts spiritual growth through communication with the sacred. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 10 55-62.
  • Farrell, J., Hook, J.N., Zhang, H., Mosher, D., Aten, J.D., Van Tongeren, D.R., Davis, D.E. (2018). Religious attitudes and behaviors toward individuals who hold different religious beliefs and perspectives: An exploratory qualitative study. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 10 63-71.
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Rowatt, W., Worthington, E.L. (2018). Religious differences in reporting and expressing humility. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 10 174-184.
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., DeWall, C.N., Green, J.D., Cairo, A., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N. (2018). Self-regulation facilitates meaning in life.
  • Dwiwardani, C., Ord, A.S., Fennell, M., Eaves, D., Ripley, J.S., Perkins, A., Sells, J., Worthington, E.L., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Garthe, R.C., Reid, C.A., Van Tongeren, D.R. (2018). Spelling HUMBLE with U and ME: The role of perceived humility in intimate partner relationships. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 13 449-459.
  • Zhang, H., Hook, J.N., Farrell, J., Mosher, D., Van Tongeren, D.R., Davis, D.E. (2018). The effect of ideological homogeneity on religious belonging and meaning: The role of intellectual humility. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 10 72-78.
  • Davis, D.E., DeBlaere, C., Owen, J., Hook, J.N., Rivera, D., Choe, E., Van Tongeren, D.R., Worthington, E.L., Placeres, V. (2018). The multicultural orientation framework: A narrative review. Psychotherapy.
  • McElroy-Heltzel, S.E., Van Tongeren, D.R., Gazaway, S., Ordaz, A., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Davis, E.B., Aten, J.D., Shannonhouse, L.R., Stargell, N.A. (2018). The role of spiritual fortitude and positive religious coping in meaning in life and spiritual well-being following Hurricane Matthew. Journal of Psychology and Christianity. 37 17-27.
  • Ripley, J.S., Worthington, E.L., Garthe, R.C., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Reid, C.A., Van Tongeren, D.R., Voltmer, A., Nonterah, C.W., Cowden, R.G., Coetzer-Liversage, A., Cairo, A., Joynt, S., Akpalu, B. (2018). Trait forgiveness and dyadic adjustment predict postnatal depression. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 27 2185-2192.
  • Westbrook, C.J., Davis, D.E., McElroy-Heltzel, S.E., Brubaker, K., Choe, E., Karaga, S., Dooley, M., O'Bryant, B.L., Van Tongeren, D.R., Hook, J.N. (2018). Trait sources of spirituality scale: Assessing trait spirituality more inclusively. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development. 51 125-138.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Attachment avoidance to God exacerbates the negative effect of tangible resource loss on psychological resource loss. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 20 489-501.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Collaboration between clergy and mental health professionals in postdisaster contexts: Lessons from the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster. Spirituality in Clinical Practice. 4 193-204.
  • Mosher, D., Hook, J.N., Captari, L., Davis, D.E., DeBlaere, C., Owen, J. (2017). Cultural humility: A therapeutic framework for engaging diverse clients. Practice Innovations. 2 221-233.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Development of the experiences of humility scale. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 45 3-16.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Humility, religion, and spirituality: A review of the literature. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 9 242-253.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Impact of a Tibetan Buddhist meditation course and application of related modern contemplative practices on college students’ psychological well-being: A pilot study. 8 911-919.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Racial/ethnic disparities in client unilateral termination: The role of therapists’ cultural comfort. Psychotherapy Research. 27 102-111.
  • Hook, J.M., Hook, J.N., Captari, L., Aten, J.D., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, D.R. (2017). Replanted: Offering support for adoptive and foster care families. Journal of Psychology and Christianity. 36 222-229.
  • Lavelock, C.R., Worthington, E.L., Elnasseh, A., Griffin, B.J., Garthe, R.C., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N. (2017). Still waters run deep: Humility as a master virtue. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 45 286-303.
  • Bloch, J.H., Farrell, J., Hook, J.N., Van Tongeren, D.R., Penberthy, J.K., Davis, D.E. (2017). The effectiveness of a meditation course on mindfulness and meaning in life. Spirituality in Clinical Practice. 4 100-112.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). The meaning as a buffer hypothesis: Spiritual meaning attenuates the effect of disaster-related resource loss on posttraumatic stress. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 9 446-453.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). The purity/sanctity subsample of the moral foundations questionnaire does not work similarly for religious versus non-religious individuals. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 9 124-130.
  • Hook, J.N. (2017). Where, o death, is thy sting? The meaning-providing function of beliefs in literal immortality. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 20 413-427.
  • Peterson, S.J., Van Tongeren, D.R., Womack, S., Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E., Griffin, B.J. (2017). The benefits of self-forgiveness on mental health: Evidence from correlational and experimental research. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 12 (2) 159-168. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1163407
  • Hook, J.N., Farrell, J., Johnson, K.A., Van Tongeren, D.R., Davis, D.E., Aten, J.D. (2017). Intellectual humility and religious tolerance. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 12 (1) 29-35. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1167937
  • Hook, J.N., Boan, D., Davis, D.E., Aten, J.D., Ruiz, J.M., Maryon, T. (2016). Cultural Humility and Hospital Safety Culture. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings. 23 (4) 402-409. Springer Nature. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10880-016-9471-x
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). ). Thankful for the little things: A meta-analysis of gratitude interventions. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 63 20-31.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). A qualitative review and integrative model of gratitude and physical health. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 44 55-86.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Are smoking cessation treatments associated with suicidality risk? An overview. Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment. 10 19-30.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Client perceptions of therapists’ multicultural orientation: Cultural (missed) opportunities and cultural humility. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 47 30-37.
  • Hook, J.N., Farrell, J. (2016). Cultural humility and racial microaggressions in counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 63 269-277.
  • Hook, J.N., Watkins, C.E., Davis, D.E., Owen, J., Van Tongeren, D.R., Ramos, M. (2016). Cultural humility in psychotherapy supervision. American Journal of Psychotherapy. 70 149-166.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Culturally adapted spiritual oriented trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy for child survivors of restavek. Spirituality in Clinical Practice. 3 224-236.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Distinguishing intellectual humility from general humility. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 11 215-224.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Ebola as existential threat? Experimentally primed Ebola reminders intensify national-security concerns among existentially religious individuals. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 44 133-141.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Is modesty a subdomain of humility?. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 11 439-446.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Microaggressions and perceptions of cultural humility in counseling. Journal of Counseling and Development. 94 483-493.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Moral domain priorities reflect U.S. Christians’ individual differences in religiosity. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences. 100 56-61.
  • Watkins, C.E., Hook, J.N. (2016). On a culturally humble psychoanalytic supervision perspective: Creating the cultural third. Psychoanalytic Psychology. 33 487-517.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Perceived partner humility predicts subjective stress during transition to parenthood. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice. 5 157-167.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Perpetrators’ reactions to perceived interpersonal wrongdoing: The associations of guilt and shame with forgiving, punishing, and excusing oneself. Self and Identity. 15 650-661.
  • Ajibade, A.A., Hook, J.N., Utsey, S.O., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, D.R. (2016). Racial identity, religious commitment, and well-being in African Americans. 42 244-258.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Relational spirituality and forgiveness of intergroup offenses. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 44 190-200.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Relational spirituality and forgiveness of offenses committed by religious leaders. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion. 26 46-60.
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Johnson, K.A. (2016). Security versus growth: Existential tradeoffs of various religious perspectives.. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 8 (1) 77-88. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rel0000050
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). The impact of stress on fluctuations in relational humility as couples transition to parenthood. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences. 101 276-281.
  • Davis, D.E., Yang, X., DeBlaere, C., McElroy, S.E., Van Tongeren, D.R., Hook, J.N., Worthington, E.L. (2016). The injustice gap.. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 8 (3) 175-184. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rel0000042
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). The moral foundations hypothesis does not replicate well in Black samples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 110 e20-e30.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). The transgressor’s response to denied forgiveness. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 44 16-27.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Toward an understanding of religious tolerance: Quest religiousness and positive attitudes toward religiously dissimilar others. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion. 26 212-224.
  • Hook, J.N. (2016). Using qualitative and mixed methods to study relational spirituality. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. 8 92-98.
  • Ord, A.S., Ripley, J.S., Hook, J.N., Erspamer, T. (2016). Teaching Statistics in APA-Accredited Doctoral Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology. Teaching of Psychology. 43 (3) 221-226. SAGE Publications. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098628316649478
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Green, J.D., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Hulsey, T.L. (2016). Prosociality enhances meaning in life. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 11 (3) 225-236. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1048814
  • Karaga, S., Davis, D.E., Choe, E., Hook, J.N. (2016). Hypersexuality and Religion/Spirituality: A Qualitative Review. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity. 23 (2-3) 167-181. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2016.1144116
  • Reid, R.C., Carpenter, B.N., Hook, J.N. (2016). Investigating Correlates of Hypersexual Behavior in Religious Patients. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity. 23 (2-3) 296-312. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2015.1130002
  • Grubbs, J.B., Hook, J.N. (2016). Religion, Spirituality, and Sexual Addiction: A Critical Evaluation of Converging Fields. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity. 23 (2-3) 155-166. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2016.1150925
  • Griffin, B.J., Worthington, E.L., Leach, J.D., Hook, J.N., Grubbs, J., Exline, J.J., Davis, D.E. (2016). Sexual Congruence Moderates the Associations of Hypersexual Behavior with Spiritual Struggle and Sexual Self-Concept. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity. 23 (2-3) 279-295. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2016.1150924
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Stafford, J., Hook, J.N., Green, J.D., Davis, D.E., Johnson, K.A. (2016). Humility attenuates negative attitudes and behaviors toward religious out-group members. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 11 (2) 199-208. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1037861
  • Edward Watkins, C., Hook, J.N., Ramaeker, J., Ramos, M.J. (2016). Repairing the ruptured supervisory alliance: Humility as a foundational virtue in clinical supervision. The Clinical Supervisor. 35 (1) 22-41. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07325223.2015.1127190
  • Hook, J.N., Watkins, C.E. (2015). Cultural humility: The cornerstone of positive contact with culturally different individuals and groups?. American Psychologist. 70 (7) 661-662. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038965
  • Davis, D.E., Rice, K., Hook, J.N., Van Tongeren, D.R., DeBlaere, C., Choe, E., Worthington, E.L. (2015). Development of the Sources of Spirituality Scale.. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 62 (3) 503-513. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000082
  • Griffin, B.J., Worthington, E.L., Lavelock, C.R., Greer, C.L., Lin, Y., Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N. (2015). Efficacy of a self-forgiveness workbook: A randomized controlled trial with interpersonal offenders.. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 62 (2) 124-136. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000060
  • Farrell, J., Hook, J.N., Ramos, M., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, D.R., Ruiz, J.M. (2015). Humility and relationship outcomes in couples: The mediating role of commitment.. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice. 4 (1) 14-26. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cfp0000033
  • Davis, D.E., DeBlaere, C., Hook, J.N., Burnette, J., Van Tongeren, D.R., Rice, K.G., Worthington, E.L. (2015). Intergroup forgiveness of race-related offenses.. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 62 (3) 402-412. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000081
  • Davis, D.E., Hook, J.N., Van Tongeren, D.R., DeBlaere, C., Rice, K.G., Worthington, E.L. (2015). Making a decision to forgive.. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 62 (2) 280-288. American Psychological Association (APA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000054
  • Grubbs, J.B., Hook, J.N., Griffin, B.J., Davis, D.E. (2015). Evaluating Outcome Research for Hypersexual Behavior. Current Addiction Reports. 2 (3) 207-213. Springer Nature. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40429-015-0061-z
  • Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, D.R. (2015). Shifting social motives and religious expression in a globalized world. Religion, Brain & Behavior. 5 (3) 235-237. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2153599x.2014.910254
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Green, J.D., Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E., Davis, J.L., Ramos, M. (2015). Forgiveness Increases Meaning in Life. Social Psychological and Personality Science. 6 (1) 47-55. SAGE Publications. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550614541298
  • Hook, J.N., Farrell, J., Davis, D.E., Van Tongeren, D.R., Griffin, B.J., Grubbs, J., Penberthy, J.K., Bedics, J.D. (2015). Self-Forgiveness and Hypersexual Behavior. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity. 22 (1) 59-70. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2014.1001542
  • Watkins, C.E., Reyna, S.H., Ramos, M.J., Hook, J.N. (2015). The Ruptured Supervisory Alliance and Its Repair: On Supervisor Apology as a Reparative Intervention. The Clinical Supervisor. 34 (1) 98-114. Informa UK Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07325223.2015.1015194
  • Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., & Atkins, D. C.. (2014).
  • Hook, J. N., Reid, R. C., Penberthy, J. K., Davis, D. E., & Jennings, D. J. II.. (2014).
  • Schultz, K., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Penberthy, J. K., & Reid, R. C.. (2014).
  • Pollard, S. E., Riggs, S. A., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Owen, J., Jordan, T. A., Turner, D., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., & Leach, M.. (2014).
  • Lin, Y., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Griffin, B. J., Greer, C. L., Opare-Henaku, A., Lavelock, C., Hook, J. N., Ho, M. Y., & Muller, H.. (2014).
  • Davis, D. E., Van Tongeren, D. R., Hook, J. N., Davis, E. B., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Foxman, S.. (2014).
  • Pollard, S. E., Hook, J. N., Corley, M. D., & Schneider, J. P.. (2014).
  • Dwiwardani, C., Hill, P. C., Bollinger, R. A., Marks, L. E., Steele, J. R., Doolin, H. N., Wood, S. L., Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Van Tongeren, D. R., Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Mulhauser, K. R. W., Struthers, W. M., Hook, J. N., Pyykkonen, B. A., & Womack, S. D.. (2014).
  • Bell, C., Woodruff, E., Davis, D. E., Van Tongeren, D. R., Hook, J. N., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2014).
  • Dorn, K., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Van Tongeren, D. R., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2014).
  • McElroy, S., Rice, K., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Hill, P. C., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Van Tongeren, D. R.. (2014).
  • Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2014).
  • Lavelock, C. R., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Griffin, B. J., Reid, C. A., Hook, J. N., & Van Tongeren, D. R.. (2014).
  • Davis, D. E., Ashby, J., McElroy, S., & Hook, J. N.. (2014).
  • Pollard, S.E., Riggs, S.A., & Hook, J.. (2014). Mutual influences in adult romantic attachment, religious coping, and marital adjustment.. Journal of Family Psychology. 28 615-624.
  • Davis, D.E., Ashby, J., McElroy, S., Hook, J.N. (2014). Religious Coping, Coping Resources, and Depressive Symptoms: Test of a Mediation Model. Counseling and Values. 59 (2) 139-154. Wiley-Blackwell. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007x.2014.00048.x
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  • Hindman, J. M., Riggs, S. A., & Hook, J. N.. (2013).
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Watkins, D., Hui, E., Luo, W., Fu, H., Shulruf, B., Morris, P., & Reyna, S. H.. (2013).
  • Penberthy, J. K., Hook, J. N., Hettema, J., Intersoll, K., & Farrell-Carnahan, L.. (2013).
  • Corley, M. D., Pollard, S. E., Hook, J. N., Schneider, J. P.. (2013).
  • Corley, M. D., Pollard, S. E., Hook, J. N., Schneider, J. P.. (2013).
  • Corley, M. D., Pollard, S. E., Hook, J. N., Schneider, J. P.. (2013).
  • Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., & Hill, P. C.. (2013).
  • Hindman, J., Riggs, S.A., & Hook, J.. (2013). Contributions of executive, parent-child, and sibling subsystems to children’s psychological functioning. 2 294-308.
  • Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Owen, J., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Utsey, S. O.. (2013). Cultural humility: Measuring openness to culturally diverse clients.
  • Van Tongeren, D. R., Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2013). Defensive religion as a source of meaning in life: A dual mediational model.
  • Chopin, S. M., Danish, S. J., Seers, A., & Hook, J. N.. (2013). Effects of mentoring on the development of leadership self-efficacy and political skill.
  • Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Emmons, R. A., Hill, P. C., Bollinger, R. A., & Van Tongeren, D. R.. (2013). Humility and the development and repair of social bonds: Two longitudinal studies.
  • Miller, A. J., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., & Frohne, N. A.. (2013). Managing hurt and disappointment: A brief intervention to improve communication of reproach and apology after transgressions.
  • Womack, S. D., Hook, J. N., Ramos, M., Davis, D. E., & Penberthy, J. K.. (2013). Measuring hypersexual behavior.
  • Cook, S., Aten, J. D., Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2013). Resource loss, religiousness, health, and posttraumatic growth following Hurricane Katrina.
  • Womack, S. D., Hook, J. N., Reyna, S. H., & Ramos, M.. (2013). Sleep loss and risk-taking behavior: A review of the literature.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., Gartner, A. L., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2012). Can religion promote virtue?: A more stringent test of the model of relational spirituality and forgiveness.
  • Vaughan, M. D., Hook, J. N., Wagley, J. N., Davis, D. E., Hill, C., Johnson, B. A., & Penberthy, J. K.. (2012). Changes in affect and drinking outcomes in a pharmacobehavioral trial for alcohol dependence.
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Utsey, S. O., Davis, D. E., & Burnette, J. L.. (2012). Collectivistic self-construal and forgiveness.
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Utsey, S. O., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Van Tongeren, D. R., & Dueck, A.. (2012). Does forgiveness require interpersonal interactions?: Individual differences in conceptualizations of forgiveness.
  • Scherer, M., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Campana, K. L., West, S. L., & Gartner, A. L.. (2012). Forgiveness and cohesion in familial perceptions of alcohol misuse.
  • Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2012). Integration, multicultural counseling, and social justice.
  • Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2012). Lessons from the research program at Virginia Commonwealth University applied to my faculty position.
  • Corley, M. D., Schneider, J. P., & Hook, J. N.. (2012). Partner reactions to disclosure of relapse by self-identified sexual addicts.
  • Aten, J. D., Bennett, P. J., Hill, P. C., Davis, D. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2012). Predictors of God concept and God control after Hurricane Katrina.
  • Reid, R. C., Carpenter, B. N., Hook, J. N., Garos, S., Manning, J. C., Gilliland, R., Cooper, E. B., McKittrick, H., Davtian, M., & Fong, T.. (2012). Report of findings in a DSM-V field trial for Hypersexual Disorder.
  • Penberthy, J. K., Hook, J. N., Breton, M. D., Runyon, C. F., & Kovatchev, B. P.. (2012). Retrospective analysis of ADHD diagnoses in an outpatient pediatric clinic.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2012). Sanctification of forgiveness.
  • Hook, J. P., & Hook, J. N.. (2012). The healing cycle: A process approach for leading small groups.
  • Corley, M. D., & Hook, J. N.. (2012). Women, female sex and love addicts, and use of the internet.
  • Hook, J. N., Ripley, J. S., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Davis, D. E.. (2011). Christian approaches for helping couples: Review of empirical research and recommendations for clinicians.
  • Watkins, D., Hui, E., Luo, W., Regmi, M., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2011). Forgiveness and interpersonal relationships: A Nepalese investigation.
  • Scherer, M., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., & Campana, K. L.. (2011). Forgiveness and the bottle: Promoting self-forgiveness in individuals who abuse alcohol.
  • Penberthy, J. K., Hook, J. N., Vaughan, M., Davis, D. E., Wagley, J. N., DiClemente, C., & Johnson, B. J.. (2011). Impact of motivational changes on drinking outcomes in pharmacobehavioral treatment for alcohol dependence.
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. P., Miller, B. T., & Davis, D. E.. (2011). Marriage matters: A description and examination of a church-based marital education program.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Van Tongeren, D. R., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., & Emmons, R. A.. (2011). Relational humility: Conceptualizing and measuring humility as a personality judgment.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., & McDaniel, M. A.. (2011). Religion and spirituality.
  • Lopez, J.L., Riggs, S.A., *Pollard, S., & Hook, J. (2011). Religious commitment, adult attachment and marital adjustment among newly married couples.. Journal of Family Psychology. 25 301-309.
  • Lopez, J. L., Riggs, S. A., Pollard, S. E., & Hook, J. N.. (2011). Religious commitment, adult attachment, and marital adjustment in newly married couples.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hunter, J. L., Sharp, C. B., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., Davis, D. E., Miller, A. J., Gingrich, F. C., Sandage, S. J., Lao, E., Bubod, L., & Monteforte-Milton, M.. (2010). A psychoeducational intervention to promote forgiveness in Christians in the Philippines.
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., & Hook, J. P.. (2010). Empirically supported religious and spiritual therapies.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Greer, C. L., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., Norton, L., Greer, T., & Toussaint, L.. (2010). Forgiveness and spirituality in organizational life: Theory, status of research, and new ideas for discovery.
  • Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Hook, J. N.. (2010). Humility: Review of measurement strategies and conceptualization as a personality judgment.
  • Hook, J. N., Hook, J. P., Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Penberthy, J. K.. (2010). Measuring sexual addiction and compulsivity: A critical review of instruments.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Van Tongeren, D. R., Gartner, A. L., Jennings, D. J. II., & Norton, L.. (2010). Relational spirituality and dealing with transgressions: Development of the Relational Engagement of the Sacred for a Transgression (REST) scale.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Van Tongeren, D. R., Gartner, A. L., & Jennings, D. J. II.. (2010). Relational spirituality and forgiveness: Development of the Spiritual Humility Scale (SHS).
  • Hook, J. P., & Hook, J. N.. (2010). The healing cycle: A Christian model for group therapy.
  • Hook, J. N., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2009). Christian couple counseling by professional, pastoral, and lay counselors from a Protestant perspective: A nationwide survey.
  • Hook, J. N., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Utsey, S. O.. (2009). Collectivism, forgiveness, and social harmony.
  • Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Van Tongeren, D. R., Green, J. D., & Jennings, D., J., II.. (2009). Relational spirituality and the development of the Similarity of the Offender's Spirituality Scale.
  • Davis, D. E., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., & Van Tongeren, D. R.. (2009). The Dedication to the Sacred (DS) Scale: Adapting a marriage measure to study relational spirituality.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Scherer, M., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., Campana, K., & Sharp, C. B.. (2008). Adapting a secular forgiveness intervention to include religion and spirituality.
  • Utsey, S. O., Hook, J. N., Belvet, B. P., & Fischer, N. L.. (2008). Cultural orientation, ego resilience, and optimism as predictors of subjective well-being in African Americans.
  • Utsey, S. O., Giesbrecht, N., Hook, J. N., & Stanard, P.. (2008). Cultural, socio-familial, and psychological resources that inhibit psychological distress in African Americans exposed to stressful life events and race-related stress.
  • Hook, J. N., Hook, J. P., & Hines, S.. (2008). Reach out or act out: Long-term group therapy for sexual addiction.
  • Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2008). Relational spirituality and forgiveness: The roles of attachment to God, religious coping, and viewing the transgression as a desecration.
  • Utsey, S. O., Hook, J. N., & Stanard, P.. (2007). A re-examination of cultural factors that mitigate risk and promote resilience in relation to African American suicide: A review of the literature and recommendations for future research.
  • Utsey, S. O., & Hook, J. N.. (2007). Heart rate variability as a physiological moderator of the relationship between race-related stress and psychological distress in African Americans.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Ripley, J. S., Hook, J. N., & Miller, A. J.. (2007). The hope-focused approach to couple therapy and enrichment.
  • Magazine/Trade Publication

  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., & Davis, D. E.. (2011). Outcome research on Christian-focused treatments has come of age.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., & Ripley, J. S.. (2009). Empirically supported Christian treatments for counseling.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E., Gartner, A. L., & Jennings, D., J., II.. (2009). REACH: An evidence-based group intervention to help Christians forgive.
  • Hook, J. N., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2008). Decisional and emotional forgiveness: Implications for Christian spirituality and counseling.
  • Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., & Miller, A. J.. (2008). Recent research in marital and sex therapy.
  • Hook, J. P., & Hook, J. N.. (2007). A Christian perspective on career counseling.
  • Hook, J. N., & Worthington, E. L., Jr.. (2007). The God factor: Evidence from outcome studies of psychological treatments.

Contracts, Grants and Sponsored Research

    Grant - Research

  • Hodge, A., Hook, J., "Distinguishing gratitude to God and interhuman gratitude: A qualitative analysis," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $25000 Funded. (2020).
  • Hook, J., "Applied research on intellectual humility: Request for proposals (RFP)," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $6091110 Funded. (2022 - 2026).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Achieving religious and spiritual competencies in therapy: A therapist-driven approach," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $119000 Funded. (2022 - 2024).
  • Hook, J.N., "The trust in God project: Explorations in philosophy, sociology, and religious studies," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $1500000 Funded. (2019 - 2022).
  • Hook, J., "Political humility: Conceptualization and implications for online political engagement," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $189500 Funded. (2019 - 2021).
  • Hook, J., "Using intellectual humility to navigate existential issues," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Federal, $280257 Funded. (2019 - 2021).
  • Hook, J.N., "Developing humility in leadership," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $1895048 Funded. (2016 - 2019).
  • Hook, J.N., "Building a bridge between psychology and church ministry," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $217301 Funded. (2016 - 2019).
  • Hook, J.N., "Earth as a school: The effect of natural disasters on god representations via meaning making.," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, $1825457 Funded. (2015 - 2018).
  • Hook, J., "The trust in God project: Explorations in philosophy, sociology, and religious studies," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, Funded. (2019 - 2022).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Gratitude to God, Phase 2: Psychological, Philosophical, and Theological Investigations," sponsored by Biola University, NFP, Funded. (2020 - 2022).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Using Intellectual Humility to Navigate Existential Issues," sponsored by Hope College, NFP, Funded. (2019 - 2022).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "The Self, Virtue, and Public Life Project: Political Humility:Conceptualization and Implications for Online Political Engagement," sponsored by Georgia State University, NFP, Funded. (2019 - 2021).
  • Hook, J., "Political humility: Conceptualization and implications for online political engagement," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, Funded. (2019 - 2021).
  • Hodge, A., Hook, J., "Distinguishing gratitude to God and interhuman gratitude: A qualitative analysis," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, Private, Funded. (2020).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Developing Humility in Leadership," sponsored by Biola University, NFP, Funded. (2016 - 2019).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Building a Bridge Between Psychology and Church Ministry," sponsored by John Templeton Foundation, NFP, Funded. (2016 - 2019).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Acts of God: The Effect of Natural Disasters on God Representations via Meaning Making," sponsored by Wheaton College, NFP, Funded. (2015 - 2018).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Does Knowledge of Science and World Religions Lead to Representations of God as Transcendent?," sponsored by Arizona State University, NFP, Funded. (2014 - 2017).
  • Hook, J.N. (Principal), "Behavioral Measure of Humility in Couples," sponsored by Georgia State University, NFP, Funded. (2014 - 2015).
,
Overall
Summative Rating
Challenge and
Engagement Index
Response Rate

out of 5

out of 7
%
of
students responded
  • Overall Summative Rating (median):
    This rating represents the combined responses of students to the four global summative items and is presented to provide an overall index of the class’s quality. Overall summative statements include the following (response options include a Likert scale ranging from 5 = Excellent, 3 = Good, and 1= Very poor):
    • The course as a whole was
    • The course content was
    • The instructor’s contribution to the course was
    • The instructor’s effectiveness in teaching the subject matter was
  • Challenge and Engagement Index:
    This rating combines student responses to several SPOT items relating to how academically challenging students found the course to be and how engaged they were. Challenge and Engagement Index items include the following (response options include a Likert scale ranging from 7 = Much higher, 4 = Average, and 1 = Much lower):
    • Do you expect your grade in this course to be
    • The intellectual challenge presented was
    • The amount of effort you put into this course was
    • The amount of effort to succeed in this course was
    • Your involvement in course (doing assignments, attending classes, etc.) was
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