Faculty Profile

Charles Blankson

Charles Blankson

Title
Chair
Department
Marketing
College
College of Business

    

Education

PhD, Kingston University, 1999.
Major: Marketing
Dissertation Title: Positioning and Life Cycle Stages in the UK Services Industry
MS, Staffordshire University, 1992.
Major: Marketing
Degree Specialization: Marketing Research
PGDip, Liverpool Polytechnic, 1989.
Major: Marketing Management
Degree Specialization: Marketing Research

Current Scheduled Teaching*

MKTG 6950.722, Doctoral Dissertation, Spring 2024
MKTG 5150.001, Marketing Management, Spring 2024 Syllabus
MKTG 3710.807, Marketing Research and Analytics, Spring 2024 Syllabus
MKTG 4900.808, Special Problems, Spring 2024

* Texas Education Code 51.974 (HB 2504) requires each institution of higher education to make available to the public, a syllabus for undergraduate lecture courses offered for credit by the institution.

Previous Scheduled Teaching*

MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2023 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6001.001, Guidance for Research, Education Effectiveness and Networking Workshop Marketing, Fall 2023 SPOT
MKTG 6940.704, Individual Research, Fall 2023
MKTG 4900.001, Special Problems, Fall 2023
MKTG 6940.700, Individual Research, Summer 10W 2023
MKTG 6940.001, Individual Research, Spring 2023
MKTG 3710.807, Marketing Research and Analytics, Spring 3W1 2023 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6030.001, Seminar in Marketing Strategy, Spring 2023 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 4900.807, Special Problems, Spring 3W1 2023
MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2022 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 4900.001, Special Problems, Fall 2022
MKTG 3710.807, Marketing Research and Analytics, Spring 3W1 2022 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2021 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 4900.001, Special Problems, Fall 8W2 2021
MKTG 3650.005, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Spring 2021 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6030.001, Seminar in Marketing Strategy, Spring 2021 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Spring 2021
MKTG 3650.005, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2020 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 3710.002, Marketing Research and Analytics, Fall 2020 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Fall 2020
MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2019 Syllabus SPOT
LSCM 6940.705, Individual Research, Fall 2019
MKTG 3710.002, Marketing Research and Analytics, Fall 2019 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6950.700, Doctoral Dissertation, Summer 5W1 2019
MKTG 6950.707, Doctoral Dissertation, Spring 2019
LSCM 6940.705, Individual Research, Spring 2019
MKTG 3710.001, Marketing Research and Analytics, Spring 2019 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6030.002, Seminar in Marketing Strategy, Spring 2019 SPOT
MKTG 6950.700, Doctoral Dissertation, Fall 2018
MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2018 Syllabus SPOT
LSCM 6940.705, Individual Research, Fall 2018
MKTG 3710.002, Marketing Research and Analytics, Fall 2018 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 3650.001, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Summer 5W2 2018 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 5550.007, Decision Making in Global Markets, Spring 2018 SPOT
MKTG 5850.007, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2018 SPOT
MKTG 3710.001, Marketing Research and Analytics, Spring 2018 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6030.001, Seminar in Marketing Strategy, Spring 2018 SPOT
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Spring 2018
MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Fall 2017 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 6940.700, Individual Research, Fall 2017
MKTG 3710.002, Marketing Research and Analytics, Fall 2017 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 4900.700, Special Problems, Fall 2017 Syllabus
MKTG 6940.700, Individual Research, Summer 10W 2017
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Summer 5W2 2017
MKTG 6040.001, Business to Business Marketing, Spring 2017 SPOT
MKTG 5550.007, Decision Making in Global Markets, Spring 2017 SPOT
MKTG 5850.007, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2017 SPOT
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Spring 2017
MKTG 6030.001, Seminar in Marketing Strategy, Fall 2016 SPOT
MKTG 3650.001, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Summer 5W1 2016 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 5550.007, Decision Making in Global Markets, Spring 2016 SPOT
MKTG 5850.007, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2016 SPOT
MKTG 5850.777, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2016 SPOT
MKTG 5850.001, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Fall 2015
MKTG 3700.001, Marketing Metrics, Fall 2015 Syllabus SPOT
MKTG 5850.007, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2015
MKTG 3700.001, Marketing and Money, Spring 2015 Syllabus
MKTG 5900.714, Directed Study, Fall 2014
MKTG 5850.001, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Fall 2014
MKTG 6030.001, Seminar in Marketing Strategy, Fall 2014
MKTG 4890.003, Applied Marketing Problems, Spring 2014
MKTG 5850.007, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2014
MKTG 5850.777, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Spring 2014
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Spring 2014
MKTG 4890.004, Applied Marketing Problems, Fall 2013
MKTG 5850.001, Effective Marketing Planning in Dynamic Environments, Fall 2013
MKTG 6900.707, Special Problems, Summer 10W 2013
MKTG 6910.707, Special Problems, Summer 10W 2013
MKTG 4280.002, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Spring 2013
MKTG 4280.003, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Spring 2013
MKTG 3650.002, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Summer 5W1 2012
MKTG 6900.707, Special Problems, Summer 10W 2012
MKTG 4280.002, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Spring 2012
MKTG 6010.001, Seminar in Marketing Thought, Spring 2012
MKTG 4900.753, Special Problems, Spring 2012
MKTG 5900.707, Directed Study, Fall 2011
MKTG 4280.002, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Fall 2011
MKTG 3650.001, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Summer 5W2 2011
MKTG 4280.001, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Summer 5W2 2011
MKTG 4280.002, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Spring 2011
MKTG 4320.001, New Product Development, Spring 2011
MKTG 5550.001, Decision Making in Global Markets, Fall 2010
MKTG 4320.001, New Product Development, Fall 2010
MKTG 4280.001, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Summer 5W1 2010
MKTG 4320.001, New Product Development, Summer 5W1 2010
MKTG 4280.002, Global Marketing Issues and Practice, Spring 2010
MKTG 4320.001, New Product Development, Spring 2010
MKTG 2650.002, Global Marketing Concepts, Fall 2009
MKTG 6010.001, Seminar in Marketing Thought, Fall 2009
MKTG 2650.001, Global Marketing Concepts, Summer 5W1 2009
MKTG 4320.001, New Product Development, Summer 5W1 2009
MKTG 5900.700, Directed Study, Spring 2009
MKTG 2650.001, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2009
MKTG 4320.001, New Product Development, Spring 2009
MKTG 4320.002, New Product Development, Spring 2009
MKTG 5550.001, Decision Making in Global Markets, Fall 2008
MKTG 2650.001, Global Marketing Concepts, Fall 2008
MKTG 4120.001, Buyer Behavior, Summer 5W1 2008
MKTG 2650.001, Global Marketing Concepts, Summer 5W1 2008
MKTG 2650.002, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2008
MKTG 2650.003, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2008
MKTG 4600.001, Retailing, Spring 2008
MKTG 4320.002, New Product Development, Fall 2007
MKTG 4600.001, Retailing, Fall 2007
MKTG 4120.001, Buyer Behavior, Summer 5W1 2007
MKTG 3650.001, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Summer 5W1 2007
MKTG 6900.704, Special Problems, Summer 5W2 2007
MKTG 2650.002, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2007
MKTG 2650.003, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2007
MKTG 4600.001, Retailing, Spring 2007
MKTG 4330.002, Product Planning and Brand Management, Fall 2006
MKTG 4600.001, Retailing, Fall 2006
MKTG 4880.001, Advanced Marketing Management, Summer 5W1 2006
MKTG 3650.001, Foundations of Marketing Practice, Summer 5W1 2006
MKTG 2650.002, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2006
MKTG 2650.003, Global Marketing Concepts, Spring 2006
MKTG 4600.001, Retailing, Spring 2006
MKTG 6900.700, Special Problems, Spring 2006
MKTG 4120.002, Buyer Behavior, Fall 2005
MKTG 4600.001, Retailing, Fall 2005

* Texas Education Code 51.974 (HB 2504) requires each institution of higher education to make available to the public, a syllabus for undergraduate lecture courses offered for credit by the institution.

Published Publications

Published Intellectual Contributions

Abstracts and Proceedings
Peterson, M., Sheth, J., Dadzie, K. Q., Blankson, C., Elliot, E. A. (2018). Putting Africa into Marketing Perspective. Boston, MA: 2018 American Marketing Association summer educators' Conference.
Book
Blankson, C., Coffie, S. (2019). Branding and Positioning in Base of the Pyramid Markets in Africa: Innovative Approaches. 152. London, UK and New York, NY, USA: Routledge Taylor & Francis. http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalinformation?journalCode=rajm20
Dall'Olmo Riley, F., Singh, J., Blankson, C. (2016). The Routledge Companion to Contemporary Brand Management. (1), 583. New York, NY: Routledge- Taylor & Francis Group.
Book Chapter
Blankson, C., Renner, P. (2021). Understanding rural micro and small business marketing practices in Ghana. Market orientation. London, United Kingdom: Springer publishing.
Central University College, K. A., University of North Texas, C. B., Georgia Southern University, K. B., Appiah-Adu, K., Bawumia, M. (2015). Enhancing Service Delivery for National Development. Key Determinants of National Development. 357-371. Farnham, United Kingdom: Gower Applied Research. http://www.gowerpublishing.com
Blankson, C., Omar, O. E., Tran, T., Nwankwo, S., Ahmed, A. (2011). Marketing Practices of African and Caribbean Small Businesses in London, UK. African Entrepreneurship in Global Contexts: Enterprise Solutions to Sustainable Development. London, UK: World Association for Sustainable Development (2011 WASD). http://www.worldsustainable.org
Omar, O. E., Blankson, C., Rugimbana, R., Nwankwo, S. (2003). Cultural Values in Retailing. Cross-Cultural Marketing. 341-353. London, United Kingdom: Thomson Learning.
Mbah, C. H., Blankson, C., Lamb, C., Hair, J., McDaniel, C. (2002). Enhancing Student Involvement in an International Marketing Class. Great Ideas in Teaching Marketing. 90-91. United States: South Wester Thomson Learning.
Mbah, C. H., Blankson, C., Lamb, C., Hair, J., McDaniel, C. (2002). Marketing Communications Project: Working with Local Firms. Great Ideas in Teaching Marketing. 19-20. United states: South Western Thomson Learning.
Conference Proceeding
Nguyen, T. D., Yaghi, M., Ganesh, G., Blankson, C. Organization- versus Employees-Level Diversity Inclusion Equity Performances: Social and Economic Fitness in Higher Education.
Blankson, C., Nukpezah, J. A., Opoku, R. (2023). American and Ghanaian College Students' Perceptions of Advertising-in-general: Extended Abstract. Oxford, Mississippi: 2023 ACME Association of Collegiate Marketing Educators Conference.
Blankson, C., Elliot, E. A., Aaronson, S. (2022). Trust and Intellectual Property Rights: Sustainability of African Artistic Consumer-Entrepreneurship Contributions. Accra, Ghana: Academy of African Business and Development (AABD).
Blankson, C., Nguyen, T., Elliot, E. A., Panda, S., Ahmed, S. A., Msweli, P. (2022). Africa Meets America: The Impact of Collectivism and Individualism on Attitude towards Shopping. Accra, University of Ghana, Ghana: Academy of African Business and Development (AABD). https://theaabd.org/
Blankson, C., Mensah, A. K., Hong, S., Murphy, M., Ahmed, S. A. (2022). Consumption of General Elections in Transitioning Economies: An Illustration from Ghana. Accra, University of Ghana, Ghana: Academy of African Business and Development (AABD).
Blankson, C., Dadzie, C. A., Dadzie, K. Q. (2020). A Behind the Scenes Look on Studies of Vulnerability: The Importance of Contextualizing Vulnerability. Chicago, IL: 2020 American Marketing Association Marketing and Public Policy Conference. https://amapublicpolicy20.exordo.com
Blankson, C., Mensah, K. (2019). Why do voters in transitioning economies vote the way they do? Scale development and validation. Consumers' consumption of elections and political brands. Vancouver, BC, Canada: 2019 Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Blankson, C., Mensah, K. (2019). Voters' consumption of general elections in transitioning economies: Scale development and validation. 2019 American Marketing Association Winter Conference.
Nukpezah, J., Blankson, C. (2018). Investigating the Effects of Government of Ghana's Rural Economic Development Policy that Incorporates Entrepreneurship and Market Orientation on Poverty and Quality of Life. Birmingham, AL: 2018 Southeastern Conference for Public Administration (SECOPA).
Darley, W. K., Blankson, C. (2018). Sub-Saharan African Culture and Entrepreneurial Activities: A Ghanaian Perspective. Porto, Portugal: 2018 Academy of Marketing Science World Marketing Congress.
Blankson, C., Kodua, P., Njoroge, L. (2018). Measuring a Comprehensive Typology of Positioning Strategies. Porto, Portugal: 2018 Academy of Marketing Science World Marketing Congress.
Blankson, C., Nukpezah, J. A. (2018). Matket Orientation and Poverty Reduction A Study of Rural Small Businesses in Ghana. Porto, Portugal: 2018 Academy of Marketing Science World Marketing Congress.
Blankson, C., Darmoe, J., (2017). The Interplay between the Concepts of Positioning and Brand Management. 329-336. Ahmedabad, India: 7th IIMA Conference on Marketing in Emerging Economies. http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/icmee2017/
Blankson, C., Opare, G., Nkrumah, M. F., (2017). When a Brand Faces Crisis, Who You Gonna Call? Corporate Reputation, Brand Crisis, and Customer Loyalty. 324-328. Ahmedabad, India: 7th IIMA Conference on Marketing in Emerging Economies. http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/icmee2017/
Ketron, S., Blankson, C. (2015). How Ghanaian Firms Create Spaces to Position Themselves. 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Marketing Issues - Kingston University Business School, London, UK.
Nkrumah, M., Osae-Addo, G., Blankson, C., Ketron, S. (2015). How Retailers in Ghana Position Themselves. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Mahmoud, M. A., Hinson, R. E., Blankson, C. (2015). Integration of Economic and Social Strategy, Revisiting the Kohli and Jaworski's and Carroll's Conceptualizations. 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Marketing Issues - Kingston University Business School, London, UK.
Boakye, K. G., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. (2015). The Battle for Customer Relationship: Toward the Operationalization of the Investment Model. 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Marketing Issues - Kingston University Business School, London, UK.
Boakye, K. G., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. R., Qin, H. (2015). Healthcare service delivery in Ghana: An empirical study. Proceedings 2015 AIB US Southeast Annual Conference. Page 79. Academy of International Business, Southeast USA Chapter. https://us-se.aib.world/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2020/10/2015-AIBSE-Proceedings-November-11.pdf
Blankson, C., K, B. G., Prybutok, V. R. (2015). The battle for customer relationship: Toward the operationalization of the investment model. International Conference on Contemporary Marketing Issues.
University of Ghana Business School, M. A., University of Ghana Business School, R. H., University of North Texas, C. B. (2014). Market Orientation and Corporate Social Responsibility Relationship with Banks' Profitability. 2nd UGBS Conference on Business and Development at University of Ghana Business School, Accra, Ghana.
Boakye, K., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V., (2014). Development of a Mass Service Customer Commitment Model. Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute.
Kalafatis, S. P., Singh, J., Blankson, C. (2013). Brand Positioning as a Determinant of Consumer Attitudes towards Co-brands. European Marketing Academy.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P., Tsogas, M., Coffie, S. (2013). Congruence in Positioning Service Brands: An Empirical Examination. 2013 World Marketing Congress.
Dadzie, K. Q., Dadzie, C. A., Winston, E., Blankson, C. (2013). Inclusive Economic Development Programs and Consumers' Access to Credit in Emerging Market Economies: The Public Policy Role of Marketing in Rural Bank Programs in Ghana. 2013 American Marketing Association Marketing and Public Policy Conference.
Boakye, K. G., Prybutok, V. R., Blankson, C. (2012). The Mediating Effect of Investment Size in Commitment Level Prediction. Southwest Decision Sciences Forty-Third Annual Meeting.
Dadzie, C. A., Blankson, C., Dadzie, K. Q. (2012). Towards a Demand Aggregation Theory of Marketing in Emerging Markets: An Empirical Evaluation of the Promotion of Financial Services in Ghana. Academy of Marketing Science 2012 World Marketing Congress - Cultural Perpectives in Marketing.
Boakye, K., Kwon, J., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. R. (2011). Toward an Application of the Investment Model: Review and Initial Findings. 2911-2916. Decision Sciences Institute.
Blankson, C., Tran, T. P. (2010). American College Students' Choice Criteria of Retail Banks. Hilton Head, South Carolina: Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference. http://www.amtp.org
Blankson, C., Owusu-Frimpong, N., Hinson, R. E. (2010). An Exploratory Examination of Positioning Strategies in a Liberalized Developing African Economy. Academy of Marketing Conference. http://www.am2010.org
Blankson, C., Spears, N., Hinson, R. E. (2010). Consumers' Attitude towards Advertising-in-General and Relating them to Buying Decisions. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference. http://ams.ieseg.fr
Ye, L., Pelton, L. E., Blankson, C. (2009). An Empirical Investigation of Gender Identity and Consumers Brand Perceptions. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Blankson, C. (2009). Positioning Strategy and Impact on Firm Performance: A Qualitative Approach. 20, CD-ROM. Chicago, Illinois, USA: AMA Conference. http://www.AMA.Org
Blankson, C., Strutton, D. (2008). A Longitudinal Examination of Positioning Strategies in Ghana. World Marketing Conference.
Blankson, C., Cheng, J. M., Paswan, A. (2008). College Students' Selection of Banks in Ghana. (CD-ROM), . Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference.
Paswan, A., Spears, N., Blankson, C. (2008). Do Marketing Educators Influence Perceptions about Marketing? A Soul Searching Exploration. 17, CD-ROM. Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference. http://www.amtp.org
Mbah, C., Ogbuehi, A., Blankson, C. (2007). The Challenges of Market Orientation Strategies Implementation in an Emerging Economy. 1-12. IABR (Business) & TLC (Teaching) Conference.
Blankson, C., Cheng, J. M. (2007). A Cross-National Study of Retail Bank Selection in Industrialized, Newly Industrialized and Liberalized Developing Economies. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Riley, D., Blankson, C. (2007). The Impact of Market Orientation on Positioning Strategy. European Marketing Academy, EMAC Conference.
Blankson, C., Hirunyawipada, T. (2006). The Comprehensive Strategic Positioning Framework: Research Propositions and Normative Guidelines. 126-127. Product Development Management Association.
Blankson, C., Long-Tolbert, S. J. (2006). Factors Influencing Students' Selection of Credit Cards. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Blankson, C. (2006). Positioning Strategies of Firms in South Africa. AMA Conference.
Abeson, F., Blankson, C., Owusu-Frempong, Y. (2005). Marketing Practices of Small Businesses in Rural Ghana. Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference.
Blankson, C. (2005). Toward the Operationalization of the Generic Positioning Framework. 298-299. Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P. (2005). Positioning in Service Firms: Model Development and some Basic Normative Guidelines. AMA Conference.
Blankson, C. (2004). Market Orientation of Small Businesses in Michigan: Some Initial Results. Academy of Marketing Conference, Academy of Marketing (UK) Conference.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P. (2004). Positioning Strategies of International Service Brands. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Kalafatis, S. P., Lomax, W., Blankson, C. (2004). The Mediating Role of Trust in Upstream and Downstream Relationships. XI(CD-ROM), 607-611. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference. http://www.ams-web.org
Blankson, C., Long-Tolbert, S. J., Hadjicharalambous, C. (2004). American College Students' Choice Criteria of Credit Card Brands: Scale Development and Managerial Contributions. 9-16. Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference.
Mbah, N. C., Blankson, C., Ogbuehi, A. O. (2003). An Evaluation of Integration Efforts in Sub-Sahara Africa. 413-416. International Academy of African Business and Development, IAABD Conference.
Blankson, C., Mbah, C. H., Abeson, F. (2003). Structural Adjustment Program Induced Business Environment and Market Orientation on Firm Performance. 413-416.. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Blankson, C. (2003). Defining the Concept of Positioning. 12-19. Association for Marketing Theory and Practice Conference.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P. (2003). Comprehensive Strategic Positioning Framework: Generalizations and Propositions. 348-357. AMA Conference.
Blankson, C., Owusu-Frempong, Y., Mbah, C. H. (2002). An Exploratory Study of Country Tourism Positioning. 478-491.. International Academy of African Business and Development.
Blankson, C. (2002). An Exploratory Study of Positioning Strategies Employed by Firms in South Africa: A Content Analysis of Print and Radio Advertisements. 101-107. International Academy of African Business and Development.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P., Long-Tolbert, S. J. (2002). Towards the Operationalization of the Positioning Concept and Incidence of Congruence in the Services Industry. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Long-Tolbert, J. S., Blankson, C. (2002). Willingness to Wait: An Individual Difference Perspective on Wait Times. Frontiers in Services Conference.
Mbah, N. C., Blankson, C. (2002). Issues and Challenges of Regional Integration in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Applied Business Research Conference.
Blankson, C. (2001). Some Issues about the Concept of Positioning: An Overview. 550-565. Atlantic Marketing Association.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. (2001). Toward a Composite Strategic Positioning Framework. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference.
Blankson, C., Douglas, C., Omar, O. (2001). Structural Adjustment and Private Companies Market Orientations in Ghana. 10-18. International Academy of African Business and Development.
Blankson, C., Abeson, F., Mbah, C. (2001). The Positioning of Ghana as a Tourist Destination. 75-82. International Academy of African Business and Development.
Blankson, C., Omar, O. (2001). An Exploratory Study into Practices of Marketing in the UK Ethnic Minority Small Business Sector. Academy of Marketing Conference.
Blankson, C., Stokes, D. (2001). Customer Care and Marketing Practices in the UK Small Business Sector: Some Preliminary Results. Academy of Marketing Conference.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. (2000). Towards the Development of a Consumer-Derived Generic Positioning Typology. 259-260. AMA Conference.
Blankson, C. (2000). UK-Resident African Small Service Businesses: Patterns of Marketing Practices. 218-226. International Academy of African Business and Development.
Blankson, C., Cheng, J. (1997). Creative Communication Tactics and Positioning Strategies using Content Analysis. 85-97. Academy of Marketing Conference.
Blankson, C., Appiah-Adu, K. (1996). Issues of Market Orientation in a Developing Economy: Some Preliminary Results. 511-512. AMA Conference.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P., Pollard, M. (1996). Positioning in Services: An Application of Hooley and Saunders Generic Positioning Model. MEG Conference.
Pollard, M., Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P. (1995). An Investigation into Relations between Environmental Consciousness and Consumers Characteristics. 655-664. MEG Conference.
Annik, H., Kalafatis, S. P., Blankson, C. (1994). Current Consumption and Distribution Developments in the UK Rice Market. Seminaire Economie du Riz.
Blankson, C. (1994). Positioning and Life Cycle Stages in the UK Services Industry. MEG Conference.
Journal Article
Blankson, C., Enyinda, C., Fadahunsi, A. (2023). Branding and positioning strategies in industrial and B2B markets in the Middle East or Africa (MEA). Industrial Marketing Management. Positioning and branding. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. www.elsevier.com/locate/indmarman
Blankson, C., Juusola, K., Boakye, K. G., Cao, G. (2023). A comparative examination of the motivating factors underpinning consumers' loyalty toward credit card usage in the United States and France. International Journal of Bank Marketing. Consumption of credit cards. 41(7), 1743-1768. Bradford: Emerald. www.emerald.com/insight/0265-2323.htm
Blankson, C., Nguyen, T. (2022). The Relationship between CSR and CBBE in sub-Saharan Africa: The Moderating Role of Consumer Perceived Value.. Journal of African Business.
Blankson, C., Kodua, P., Panda, S., Nguyen, T., Hinson, R. E., Narteh, B. (2022). The Relationship between CSR and CBBE in sub-Saharan Africa: The Moderating Role of Customer Perceived Value. Journal of African Business. CSR. 23(4), 1088-1108. London: Routledge. https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=wjab20
Blankson, C., Enyinda, C., Cao, G. (2022). Why cannot we all just get along? Resolving customer-focused teams interface conflicts in a B2B firm leveraging AHP-based multi-criteria decision-making. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing. Bradford, UK: Emerald.
David, A., Senn, W., Peak, D., Prybutok, V., Blankson, C. (2021). The Value of Visual Quality and Service Quality to Augmented Reality Enabled Mobile Shopping Experience. Quality Management Journal. 28(3), 116-127.
Elliot, E. A., Blankson, C., Ngugi, B. (2021). Toward a conceptual framework explaining the strategic factors responsible for mobile product innovation success in an emerging African market. Thunderbird International Business Review. 63(3), 303-317. Arizona:.
Afuic, O., Bonsu, S. K., Manu, F., Knight, C. B., Panda, S., Blankson, C. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer Retention: Evidence from the Telecommunication Industry in Ghana. Journal of Consumer Marketing. Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Marketing Practices. Bradford: Emerald. www.emerald.com/insight/0736-3761.htm
Tran, T., Guzman, F., Paswan, A. K., Blankson, C. (2020). National versus Private Brand: A Regulatory Focus Perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 57, 102198.
Tran, T. P., Guzman, F., Paswan, A. K., Blankson, C. (2020). National versus private brand: A regulatory focus perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 57, 102198.
Blankson, C., Darley, W. K. (2020). Sub-Saharan African Cultural Belief System and Entrepreneurial Activities: A Ghanaian Perspective. 6(2), 67-84. Ottawa, Ontario: Routledge.
Nguyen, T., Blankson, C. (2019). The Invisible Identity in a Visible World: How Religiosity Mediates Consumer Culture and the Marketplace. Journal of Product & Brand Management.
Easmon, R. B., Kastner, A. N., Blankson, C., Mahmoud, M. A. (2019). Social Capital and Export Performance of SMEs in Ghana: The Role of Firm Capabilities. 10(3), 262-285. Emerald.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P. (2019). Positioning Strategies in Industrial and B2B Markets. Industrial Marketing Management. Elsevier.
Blankson, C., Iyer, P., Owusu-Frimpong, N., Nwankwo, S., Hinson, R. E. (2019). Positioning Strategies of Foreign and Indigenous Firms in an African Cultural Milieu. Journal of Business Research. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Blankson, C., Nkrumah, M. F., Opare, G., Ketron, S. C. (2018). Positioning strategies and congruence in the positioning of high-end indigenous and foreign retailers in sub-Saharan Africa: An illustration from Ghana. Thunderbird International Business Review. 60(4), 535--548. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company Hoboken.
Coffie, S., Blankson, C., Dadzie, S. (2018). A review and evaluation of market orientation research in an emerging African economy. Journal of Strategic Marketing. Routledge Taylor & Francis.
Panda, S., D'Souza, D. E., Blankson, C. (2018). Corporate Social Responsibility in Emerging Economies: Investigating Firm Behavior in the Indian Context. Thunderbird International Business Review. Corporate Social Responsibility.
Panda, S., Blankson, C., D'Souza, D. E. (2018). Corporate Social Responsibility in Emerging Economies: A Study of Firm Behavior in the Indian Context. Thunderbird International Business Review. 61(2), 267-276.
Blankson, C., Opare, G., Nkrumah, M., Ketron, S. (2018). Positioning Strategies and Congruence in the Positioning of High-end Indigenous and Foreign Retailers in sub-Saharan Africa: An Illustration from Ghana. Thunderbird International Business Review.
Xu, L., Prybutok, V., Blankson, C. (2018). An Environmental Awareness Purchasing Intention Model. Industrial Management & Data Systems. Emerald.
Papadopoulos, N., Blankson, C. (2018). Managing Culture and Money: Some Critical Issues Facing African Management and Managers. 4(1), 33-56. Routledge Taylor & Francis. http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalinformation?journalCode=rajm20
Blankson, C., Cowan, K., Darley, W. K. (2018). Marketing Practices of Rural Micro and Small Businesses in Ghana: The Role of Public Policy. Journal of Macromarketing. Sage.
Blankson, C., Ketron, S. C., Coffie, S. (2017). Positioning Strategies by Foreign Retailers at the Accra Mall in Ghana: A Case Study Approach.. Journal of Managerial Issues. 29(3), .
Xu, L., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V., (2017). Relative Contributions of Product Quality and Service Quality in the Automobile Industry. Quality Management Journal. 24(1), 21-36. ASQ.
Blankson, C., Ketron, S. C., Darmoe, J. (2017). The role of positioning in the retail banking industry of Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Bank Marketing. 35(4), 685--713.
Mahmoud, M. A., Blankson, C., Hinson, R. E. (2017). Market Orientation and Corporate Social Responsibility: Towards an Integrated Conceptual Framework. Springer Open Access.
Boakye, K. G., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. (2017). The Battle for Customer Loyalty: An Examination of Customer Loyalty in the Goods and Services Domain. Quality Management Journal. 24(4), 21-34.
Boakye, K., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V., Qin, H. (2017). An assessment of National Healthcare Service Delivery: A Ghanaian Illustration. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 34(5), 649-666. Bradford: Emerald. www.emeraldinsight.com
Blankson, C., Ketron, S., Coffie, S. (2017). Positioning Strategies by Foreign Retailers at the Accra Mall in Ghana: A Case Study Approach. Journal of Managerial Issues. 29(3), 294-314. Pittsburg, Kansas: Kelce College of Business, Pittsburg State University. http://www.journalofmanagerialissues.com
Nukpezah, J. A., Blankson, C., (2017). Microfinance Intervention in Poverty Reduction: A Study of Women Farmer-Entrepreneurs in Rural Ghana. Journal of African Business. 18(4), 457-475. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2017.1336915
Boakye, K. G., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. R., Qin, H. (2017). An assessment of national healthcare service delivery: A Ghanaian illustration. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 34(9), pp. 649-666.
Xu, L., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. (2017). Relative Contributions of Product Quality and Service Quality in the Automotive Industry. Quality Management Journal. 24(1), 21-36. www.asq.org
Boakye, K., Prybutok, V., Blankson, C. (2016). An Integrated Model of Quality for Mass Services in the Context of the Ghanaian Retail Banking Sector. Thunderbird International Business Review. 58(5), 425-438. Wiley.
Coffie, S., Blankson, C., (2016). Strategic Perspective Theories in the Business Context of an Emerging Economy. Journal of Strategic Marketing. Routledge.
Boakye, K., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. R. (2016). An Integrated Model of Quality for Mass Services in the Context of the Ghanaian Retail Banking Sector. Thunderbird International Business Review. 58(5), 425-438.
Blankson, C., Mahmoud, M. A., Blankson, C., Owusu-Frimpong, N., Nwankwo, S., Tran, T. P. (2016). Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation. International Journal of Bank Marketing. 34(5), 623-648. Emerald.
Hirunyawipada, T., Paswan, A. K., Blankson, C. (2015). Enhancing usefulness in new product ideas through team level factors. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 30(7), 855-866.
Tran, T. P., Blankson, C., Roswinanto, W. (2015). Market Orientation: An Option for Universities to Adopt?. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P., Coffie, S., Tsogas, M. H. (2014). Comparisons of Media Types and Congruence in Positioning of Service Brands. Journal of Product & Brand Management. 23(3), 162-179.
Wen, C., Prybutok, V., Blankson, C., Fang, J. (2014). The Role of E-Quality within the Consumer Decision Making Process. International Journal Of Operations And Production Management. 34(12), 1506-1536.
Blankson, C., Fang, J., Prybutok, V. R., Wen, C. (2014). The Role of E-Quality within the Consumer Decision Making Process. International Journal Of Operations And Production Management. 34(12), 1506-1536.
Wen, C., Prybutok, V., Blankson, C., Fang, J. (2014). The Role of E-Quality within the Consumer Decision Making Process. International Journal Of Operations And Production Management. 34(12), 1506-1536. Emerald.
Blankson, C., Cowan, K. L., Crawford, J., Kalafatis, S. P., Singh, J. (2013). A Review of the Relationships and Impact of Market Orientation and Market Positioning on Organizational Performance. Journal of Strategic Marketing. 21(6), 499-512.
Darley, W. K., Luethge, D. J., Blankson, C. (2013). Culture and International Marketing: A Sub-Saharan African Context. Journal of Global Marketing. 26(4), 188-202.
Dadzie, K. Q., Dadzie, C. A., Winston, E. E., Blankson, C. (2013). Inclusive Economic Development Programs and Consumers' Access to Credit in Emerging Market Economies: The Role of marketing in Rural Bank Programs in Ghana. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing. 32(Special Issue), 52-62.
Owusu-Frimpong, N., Nwankwo, S., Blankson, C., Tarnanidis, T. (2013). The Effect of Service Quality and Satisfaction on Destination Attractiveness of Sub-Saharan African Countries: the Case of Ghana. Current Issues in Tourism. 16(7-8), 627-646.
Holmes, G. R., Spears, N., Blankson, C. (2013). An Investigation of Match-Up Effects: Influential Sources of Fit and the Generative Role of Imagination. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising. 34(1), 151-165.
Blankson, C., Paswan, A. K., Boakye, K. G. (2012). College Students' Consumption of Credit Cards. International Journal of Bank Marketing. 30(7), 567-585.
Boakye, K. G., Kwon, J., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. R. (2012). The Attraction of the Sizzle: A Service Investment Model. Quality Management Journal. 19(4), 24-38.
Boakye, K., Kwon, J., Blankson, C., Prybutok, V. R. (2012). The Attraction of the Sizzle: A Service Investment Model. Quality Management Journal. 19(4), 24-38.
Wen, C., Qin, H., Prybutok, V. R., Blankson, C. (2012). The Role of National Culture on Relationships between Customers' Perception of Quality, Values, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions. Quality Management Journal. 19(4), 7-23.
Blankson, C., Crawford, J. C. (2012). Impact of Positioning Strategies on Service Firm Performance. Journal of Business Research. 65(3), 311-316.
Spears, N. E., Blankson, C., Guzman, F. (2012). Hope and Fear in an Advertisement Context: Understanding How Hope Undoes Fear. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising. 33(1), 79-93.
Paswan, A. K., Guzman, F., Blankson, C. (2012). Business to Business Governance Structure and Marketing Strategy. Industrial Marketing Management. 41(6), 908-918.
Paswan, A. K., Guzzman, F., Blankson, C. (2012). Business to Business Governance Structure and Marketing Strategy. Industrial Marketing Management. 41(6), 908-918.
Blankson, C., Spears, N., Hinson, R. E. (2012). West African Immigrants' Perceptions of Advertising in General and Impact on Buying Decisions. Journal of International Consumer Marketing. 24(3), 168-185. http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/wicm20
Spears, N. E., Blankson, C., Guzzman, F. (2012). Hope and Fear in an Advertisement Context: How Hope Undoes Fear. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising. 33(1), 79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2012.675560
Wang, M. C., Shadab, K., Blankson, C., Cheng, J. M. (2011). The Influence of the Provision of Online Channel Functions on Exporting Channel Performance: The Moderating Effect of International Experience. Journal of Global Marketing. 24(2), 125-135.
Blankson, C., Strutton, D. (2011). A Longitudinal Examination of Positioning Strategies in a Liberalized Developing African Economy: The Case of Ghana. Thunderbird International Business Review. 53(1), 51-67. http://www.thunderbird.edu
Paswan, A., Blankson, C., Guzman, F. (2011). Relationalism in Marketing Channels and Marketing Strategy. European Journal of Marketing. 45(3), 311-333. http://www.emeraldinsight.com
Paswan, A. K., Blankson, C., Guzman, F. (2011). Relationalism in Marketing Channels and Marketing Strategy. European Journal of Marketing. 45(3), 311-333.
Strutton, D., Blankson, C. (2010). Facilitating Creativity in Business-to-Business Retail Partnerships. The Journal of Retail Marketing Management Research. 3(2), 43-65. http://www.jrmmr.net
Hirunyawipada, T., Beyerlein, M., Blankson, C. (2010). Cross-Functional Integration as a Knowledge Transformation Mechanism: Implications for New Product Development. Industrial Marketing Management. 39(4), 650-660. http://www.elsevier.com
Darley, W. K., Blankson, C., Luethge, D. J. (2010). Toward an Integrated framework for Online Consumer Behavior and Decision Making Process. Psychology & Marketing. 27(2), 94-116.
Cheng, J. M., Blankson, C., Sutikno, B., Wang, M. C. (2009). Hybrid Convenience Stores - The Changing Role of Convenience Stores in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics. 21(3), 417-432.
Cheng, J. M., Blankson, C., Wang, E. S., Chen, L. S. (2009). A Consumer Attitude Comparison among four Subtypes of Interactive Digital Advertising. International Journal of Advertising. 28(3), 501-525.
Blankson, C., Omar, O. E., Cheng, J. M. (2009). Retail Bank Selection in Developed and Developing Countries: A Cross-National Study of Students' Bank Selection Criteria. Thunderbird International Business Review. 51(2), 183-198.
Blankson, C., Mbah, C. H., Owusu-Frempong, L. Y. (2009). The Development of a Scale Measuring Consumers' Selection of Retail Banks in Ghana. Journal of African Business. 10(2), 182-202.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P., Cheng, J. M., Hadijicharalambous, C. (2008). Impact of Firm Positioning Strategies on Corporate Performance. Journal of Advertising Research. 48(1), .
Blankson, C. (2008). Measuring College Students' Choice Criteria of Credit Cards: Scale Development and Validation. Journal of Marketing Management. 24(3-4), 317-344.
Darley, W. K., Blankson, C. (2008). African Culture and Business Markets: Implications for Marketing Practices. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 23(6), 374-383.
Blankson, C. (2008). Consumer Perceptions of UK Plastic Card Brands' Market Positions and Positioning Strategies. The Journal of Retail Marketing Management Research. 1(2), 1-16.
Blankson, C., Cheng, J., Spears, N. (2007). Determinant of Banks Selection in USA, Taiwan and Ghana. International Journal of Bank Marketing. 25(7), 469-489.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, S. P. (2007). Positioning Strategies of International and Multicultural-Oriented Service Brands. Journal of Services Marketing. 21(6), 435-450.
Blankson, C. (2007). Testing a Newly Developed Typology of Positioning Strategies in South Africa. Journal of African Business. 8(1), 67-97.
Mbah, C., Ogbuehi, A., Blankson, C. (2007). The Challenges of Market Orientation Strategies Implementation in an Emerging Economy. Journal of Business Case Studies. 3(2), 29-40.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, P. S. (2007). Congruence between Positioning and Brand Advertising. Journal of Advertising Research. 79-94.
Motwani, J., Levenburg, M. N., Schwarz, V. T., Blankson, C. (2006). Succession Planning Practices in SME's: An Empirical Analysis. International Small Business Journal. 24(5), 471-495.
Blankson, C., G., M. J., Levenburg, N. M. (2006). Understanding the Patterns of Market Orientation among Small Businesses' Marketing Intelligence & Planning. Marketing Intelligence & Planning. 24(6), 572-590.
S., C. J., Charles, C., M., C. S. (2005). A Stage Model of International Brand Development: The Perspective of Manufacturers from two Newly Industrialized Economies - South Korea and Taiwan. Industrial Marketing Management. 34, 504-514.
Blankson, C., Cheng, S. J. (2005). Have Small Businesses adopted the Market Orientation Concept? The case of Small Businesses in Michigan. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 20(6), 317-330.
Blankson, C., Owusu-Frempong, Y., Mbah, C. N. (2004). An Investigation of Ghana's Tourism Positioning. Journal of African Business. 5(2), 113-136.
Omar, O., Hirst, A., Blankson, C. (2004). Food Shopping Behavior among Ethnic and Non-Ethnic Communities in Britain. Journal of Food Products Marketing. 10(4), 39-57.
Blankson, C. (2004). Positioning Strategies and Incidence of Congruence of two UK Store Card Brands. Journal of Product & Brand Management. 13(5), 315-328.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, P. S. (2004). The Development and Validation of a Consumer/Customer Derived Generic Typology of Positioning Strategies. Journal of Marketing Management. 20(1-2), 5-43.
Omar, O., Kirby, A., Blankson, C. (2003). Acculturation and the Influence of Ethnicity on Market Orientation of African and Caribbean Companies in Britain. The Service Industries Journal. 23(4), 81-97.
Blankson, C., Stokes, D. (2002). Marketing Practices in the UK Small Business Sector. Marketing Intelligence & Planning. 20(1), 49-61.
Blankson, C., Omar, O. (2002). Marketing Practices of African and Caribbean Small Businesses in London, UK. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal. 5(2), 123-134.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, P. S. (2001). The Development of a Consumer/Customer-Derived Generic Typology of Positioning Strategies. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice. 9(2), 35-53.
S., K., Tsogas, M., Blankson, C. (2000). Positioning Strategies in Business Markets. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 15(6), 416-437.
O., O., Blankson, C. (2000). New Car Retailing: An Assessment of Car Manufacturers' Fairness on Main Dealers. Journal of Strategic Marketing. 8(3), 261-275.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, P. S. (1999). Issues and Challenges in the Positioning of Service Brands: A Review. Journal of Product & Brand Management. 8(2&3), 106-116.
Blankson, C., Kalafatis, P. S. (1999). Issues of Creative Communication Tactics and Positioning Strategies in the UK Plastic Card Service Industry. Journal of Marketing Communications. 5(2), 55-70.
K., A., Blankson, C. (1998). Business Strategy, Organizational Culture, and Market Orientation. Thunderbird International Business Review. 40(3), 235-256.
Blankson, C. (1996). An Investigation into the Effects of Questionnaire Identification Numbers in Consumer Mail Surveys. International Journal of Market Research. 38(3), 277-284.
Annik, H., Kalafatis, P. S., Blankson, C. (1996). Customer-Supplier Relationship in the UK Trade of Rice. British Food Journal. 98(1), 29-35.
Manuscript
Blankson, C., Atuahene-Gima, K., Elliot, E. A., Clay, E. (2023). Product Innovation Through Political and Non-Political Influence Tactics. Journal of Managerial Issues. Branding and new product development. XXXV [35](4 [Winter]), 349-373. Pittsburg, Kansas: Pittsburg State University. www.pittstate.edu

Awarded Grants

Contracts, Grants and Sponsored Research

Grant - Research
Blankson, C., Cao, G. (Co-Principal), Coffie, S. (Supporting), "A Survey of Consumers' Attitude about Possessions, Life and Death," Sponsored by Digital Transformation Research Center, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE, International, $3000 Funded. (June 1, 2021December 1, 2021).
Blankson, C., Cao, G. (Principal), Enyinda, C. I. (Supporting), Duan, Y. (Supporting), Fadahunsi, A. (Supporting), "Antecedents, Consequences, and Moderators of Social Media Marketing in B2B SME Settings," Sponsored by Ajman University, Ajman, UAE, International, $12000 Funded. (October 1, 2020October 1, 2021).
Blankson, C. (Principal), Blankson, C., "Attitudes to Banking Products by Rural Cocoa Farmers," Sponsored by Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA), Other, $3000 Funded. (June 2014June 2014).
Blankson, C., "Country Positioning CEO and Policy Makers' Study," Sponsored by Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration Faculty Research Grant, $3000 Funded. (20122012).
Blankson, C., "Rural Small Business Market Orientation and Public Policy Implications in Ghana," Sponsored by Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration Faculty Research Grant, $2000 Funded. (20122012).
Blankson, C., "Exchange agreement between the University of North Texas and the University of Ghana," $3000 Funded. (20102010).
Blankson, C., "Poor Rural African Individuals' Buying Behavior and Attitudes towards Possessions and Consumption of Death Rituals," $750 Funded. (20082008).
Blankson, C., "A Replication of a Scale Measuring Consumer/Customer-Derived Generic Typology of Positioning Strategies," $1100 Funded. (20052005).
Blankson, C., Hadjicharalambous, C., "A Marketing plan branding the College of Management," Sponsored by The Dean's Office - College of Management of Long Island University, C.W. Post Campus, $3000 Funded. (20032003).
Blankson, C., "The Impact of Positioning Strategies on Firm Performance," Sponsored by Long Island University, C. W. Post College of Management, $2500 Funded. (20022002).
,
Overall
Summative Rating
Challenge and
Engagement Index
Response Rate

out of 5

out of 7
%
of
students responded
  • Overall Summative Rating (median):
    This rating represents the combined responses of students to the four global summative items and is presented to provide an overall index of the class’s quality. Overall summative statements include the following (response options include a Likert scale ranging from 5 = Excellent, 3 = Good, and 1= Very poor):
    • The course as a whole was
    • The course content was
    • The instructor’s contribution to the course was
    • The instructor’s effectiveness in teaching the subject matter was
  • Challenge and Engagement Index:
    This rating combines student responses to several SPOT items relating to how academically challenging students found the course to be and how engaged they were. Challenge and Engagement Index items include the following (response options include a Likert scale ranging from 7 = Much higher, 4 = Average, and 1 = Much lower):
    • Do you expect your grade in this course to be
    • The intellectual challenge presented was
    • The amount of effort you put into this course was
    • The amount of effort to succeed in this course was
    • Your involvement in course (doing assignments, attending classes, etc.) was
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